Timing of Sexual Intercourse in Relation to Ovulation — Effects on the Probability of Conception, Survival of the Pregnancy, and Sex of the Baby

Wilcox, Allen J.; Weinberg, Clarice R.; Baird, Donna D.

doi:10.1056/nejm199512073332301

Cited by 942 publications

(488 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The effect of treatment on the endocrine profile and the occurrence and timing of follicular rupture was more intensively investigated in the 5-day period commencing on the day of treatment, on the basis that following coitus, spermatozoa do not remain fertile beyond that period [11]. Therefore, if follicular rupture does not occur within this period, there would be no probability of conception had intercourse taken place.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of mifepristone on endometrial matrix metalloproteinase expression and leukocyte abundance in new medroxyprogesterone acetate users

Felix

Yang

et al. 2007

Contraception

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Objective-The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Carraguard vaginal gel containing 0.75 mg of levonorgestrel (CARRA/LNG gel) administered in a single dose at different stages of follicle development, over subsequent follicle rupture and hormonal levels.Method-Randomized, blinded, cross-over study comparing the effects of a single administration of CARRA/LNG gel or Carraguard (CARRA) gel. Twenty-four healthy women were enrolled in two centers. The gels were administered when the follicle had reached diameters of 12-14, 15-17 and ≥18 mm in 8 women each. Volunteers were followed for one treatment, one washout cycle and a second treatment cycle. Follicle rupture or non-rupture was assessed by transvaginal ultrasound. LH, estradiol and progesterone levels were measured daily for the 5 days following treatment, and 3 times per week until menses.Results-No follicular rupture within the 5-day period following administration was observed in 74% and 30% of the CARRA/LNG and CARRA gel treatment cycles, respectively, while ovulation was documented in 4% and 61%, respectively. The overall proportion of cycles with lack of follicular rupture or ovulatory dysfunction (follicle rupture preceded by an inadequate LH surge) was 96% for CARRA/LNG and 39% in the CARRA gel cycles.Conclusion-Single vaginal administration of 0.75 mg levonorgestrel in CARRA gel in the late follicular phase, is effective for interfering with the ovulatory process.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of mifepristone on endometrial matrix metalloproteinase expression and leukocyte abundance in new medroxyprogesterone acetate users

Felix

Yang

et al. 2007

Contraception

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“…Maklumat harian untuk setiap kitaran haid diambil bagi menjangkakan hari-khusus yang berkemungkinan untuk hamil pada hari khusus yang berkait dengan ovulasi (David & Donna 2002). Bagi kitaran haid wanita, terdapat enam hari yang persetubuhan boleh menyebabkan kehamilan; jendela kesuburan ini terdiri daripada lima hari sebelum ovulasi dan pada hari ovulasi itu sendiri (Dunson et al 1999;Wilcox et al 1995). Disebabkan hari ovulasi adalah berbeza daripada satu kitaran ke satu kitaran maka begitu juga waktu enam hari yang dikatakan subur.…”

Section: Darah Haid Mengandungi Sel Stemunclassified

Haid daripada Perspektif Sains dan Maqasid Syariah

Hasim

Kashim²,

Othaman³

et al. 2016

JSM

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Each natural occurrence is a blessing and gives benefit to human being such as menstruation in women. Menstruation is a unique and planned process, which involves three main phases (Muhammad Adib et. al 2015). Kerahmatan ini dapat dilihat melalui kejadian semula jadi yang dicipta oleh Allah SWT. Misalnya keseluruhan anggota tubuh badan manusia dicipta dengan fungsi masing-masing bertujuan untuk memberi kebahagiaan dan kesejahteraan kepada manusia itu sendiri. Mata dicipta untuk melihat.Begitu juga fungsi telinga ialah untuk mendengar. Keduadua anggota badan yang dipilih sebagai contoh ini adalah manifestasi kepada sifat rahmat Allah SWT. Selain itu, kejadian semula jadi yang juga mendatangkan rahmat juga membawa kemaslahatan kepada manusia ialah pendarahan haid. Dengan kata lain, pendarahan haid kepada insan bergelar wanita adalah dengan kehendak Allah SWT dalam menjaga kemaslahatan mereka atau nama lainnya maqasid syariah.Haid jika dilihat daripada karya-karya fiqh bermaksud darah yang keluar dari pangkal rahim dalam tempoh yang tertentu secara tabii melalui faraj wanita dalam keadaan sihat, bukan sebab melahirkan anak (al-Sharbini 1994).

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“…We defined gestational age (GA) from the date of ovulation, estimated as the date the fertility monitor recorded LH peak to the reported delivery date. Preterm delivery was defined as GA <245 days (35 weeks) from the date of ovulation (conventionally defined as 37 weeks from last menstrual period date in the absence of ovulation data (WHO, 1977)), which is an accurate proxy for timing of conception related to the limited period of viability of the oocyte (Wilcox et al, 1995). Low BW (LBW) was defined as <2500 g (WHO, 1977).…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Male birthweight, semen quality and birth outcomes

et al. 2017

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STUDY QUESTION: What are the relations among birthweight (BW), semen parameters and birth outcomes in a population-based sample?SUMMARY ANSWER: BW is unrelated to semen parameters, which are in turn unrelated to birth outcomes. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY:In clinical settings, there has been suggestion that semen parameters are related to BW when comparing fertile and infertile men; however, findings have been less clear in more general populations.STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: Questionnaire data and semen samples were collected at baseline from 427 male participants of the population-based Longitudinal Investigation of Fertility and the Environment (LIFE) prospective cohort study from 2005 to 2009, who were followed prospectively to assess pregnancy outcomes among 226 singleton births. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS:Men of at least 18 years of age who were married or in a committed relationship and trying to conceive were eligible for participation; physician-diagnosed infertility was an exclusion criterion. Participants were recruited from two geographic areas and semen samples were analyzed for 34 quality parameters categorized as general, motility, morphology, sperm head and sperm chromatin structure using methods including computer-aided semen analysis integrated visual optical system and sperm chromatin structure assay. Linear and mixed models were used for statistical analysis of the relations between men's BW, semen parameters, and BW, gestational age at delivery, birth length, head circumference and ponderal index of singleton births. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE:No association was observed between male BW and semen parameters or birth outcomes. Few associations were observed between semen parameters and birth outcomes, and the observed statistically significant associations were isolated and without a consistent pattern that would suggest an association between BW and birth outcomes.LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: Men's BW was self-reported and may be subject to some imprecision. Semen analysis was performed the day after collection, an approach that impacts the assessment of motility and that may limit inference from our analyses of motility measures. In addition, inclusion criteria for selection into the cohort limits generalizability to generally healthy couples trying to conceive and without known subfertility. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS:Despite suggestions from prior studies of male in utero exposures impacting BW and male reproductive health, there appears to be little support for such relations in this generally healthy population.

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Timing of Sexual Intercourse in Relation to Ovulation — Effects on the Probability of Conception, Survival of the Pregnancy, and Sex of the Baby

Abstract: Among healthy women trying to conceive, nearly all pregnancies can be attributed to intercourse during a six-day period ending on the day of ovulation. For practical purposes, the timing of sexual intercourse in relation to ovulation has no influence on the sex of the baby.

Cited by 942 publications

References 26 publications

Effect of mifepristone on endometrial matrix metalloproteinase expression and leukocyte abundance in new medroxyprogesterone acetate users

Effect of mifepristone on endometrial matrix metalloproteinase expression and leukocyte abundance in new medroxyprogesterone acetate users

Haid daripada Perspektif Sains dan Maqasid Syariah

Male birthweight, semen quality and birth outcomes

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