Time Perspective and Life Satisfaction Among Young Adults in Taiwan

Abstract

Profiles of time perspective were explored using a person-oriented approach, and the relationship between balanced time perspective (BTP) and life satisfaction in young Taiwanese adults was examined. A cluster group was identified that fitted the configuration of BTP as proposed by Boniwell and Zimbardo (2004), that is, high past positive, high present hedonistic, and high future scores, combined with low past negative and low present fatalistic scores. Results showed that there were significant differences in life satisfaction between those with a BTP profile and those without. In addition, logistic regression results showed that individuals with more past-positive or future orientations or less past-negative orientation were more likely to have a high level of life satisfaction.

Time to be wise: temporal perspective and wisdom

“…Consequently, integrating our findings with directly relevant literature is difficult. Nevertheless, at a general level, our results are consistent with previous findings (e.g., Boniwell et al, 2010;Desmyter & De Raedt, 2012;Gao, 2011;Stolarski et al, 2013) that a balanced time perspective is associated with positive outcomes including happiness, life satisfaction, and higher mood. To this list we can now add mental health and wisdom.…”

“…Most studies exploring a balanced time perspective have used the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI: . Results using this instrument have found that a balanced time perspective is associated with higher happiness (Boniwell, Osin, Linley, & Ivanchencko, 2010;, life satisfaction (Desmyter & De Raedt, 2012;Gao, 2011;Zhang & Howell, 2011) and higher positive mood states such as energy and hedonic tone (Stolarski, Matthews, Postek, Zimbardo, & Bitner, 2013).…”

The Less is More: The 17-Item Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory

“…The inventory has good convergent, predictive, and discriminant validity . Due to its utility, ZTPI has been validated in several countries (see Table 1), such as in Italy (D'Alessio et al 2003), France (Apostolidis and Fieulaine 2004; Fieulaine N, Apostolidis T and Zimbardo PG, Development and validation of a short form of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, unpublished), Mexico (Corral-Verdugo et al 2006), Spain (Diaz-Morales 2006, Czech Republic and Slovakia (Košťál et al 2015), Brazil (Milfont et al 2008), Latvia and Russia (Kolesovs 2004(Kolesovs , 2009, Lithuania (Liniauskaite and Kairys 2009), Estonia (Seema and Sircova 2013), Israel (Orkibi 2014), United Kingdom (Boniwell et al 2010;McKay et al 2015); Taiwan (Gao 2011), Australia (McKay et al 2015, Sweden (Carelli et al 2011) and Greece (Anagnostopoulos and Griva 2012). Furthermore, a large cross-cultural analysis was also carried out in which the factor structure was examined on the basis of the data from 24 countries (Sircova et al 2014).…”

The Interactive Role of Emotional Intelligence, Attachment Style, and Resilience in the Prediction of Time Perception in Doctoral Students

“…This population was chosen in order to reach a large number of distance learners from doctoral programs located over a wide geographic area (Gall, Borg, & Gall, 2007) to meet the sample size requirements (Moore, 2007), which allowed for generalization of results from these participants to other distance doctoral learners. The results of a study conducted to examine time perspective of volunteer participants from US doctoral online programs may provide clarification to Zimbardo and Boyd's (1999; theory of time and address the high attrition rate of online doctoral programs.…”

“…The questionnaires were posted online via Surveymonkey (https://www.surveymonkey.com/s/ZHZS3ST). This method of data gathering was used in order to reach a large number of distance learners from doctoral programs located over a wide geographic area (Gall et al, 2007). This method of data collection was necessary in order to meet the sample size requirements (Moore, 2007), which allowed for generalization of results from these participants to other distance doctoral learners.…”