Time-Dependent Effects of Acute Exercise on University Students’ Cognitive Performance in Temperate and Cold Environments

Ji, Lingyu; Li, Xiaoling; Yang, Liu; Wang, Huifen; Chen, Long; Gao, Liang

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01192

Cited by 10 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The small effects of acute exercise on cognitive task accuracy observed herein concurs with previous experimental data (Tsai et al, 2014 ; Ji et al, 2017 ; Tsukamoto et al, 2017 ). Meta-analytical investigations suggest there may be a small effect on non-time dependent cognitive task performance (i.e., accuracy) (Ludyga et al, 2016 ), although this is not universal (McMorris and Hale, 2012 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Accelerated processing speed post-exercise manifested as significantly reduced RT for Flanker/memory recognition tasks, with smaller effects (statistical trends) for 2-back. This facilitation of RT is in-line with recent literature (Tsai et al, 2014 ; Ji et al, 2017 ; Tsukamoto et al, 2017 ) as well as meta-analyses of the literature at-large that indicate RT is sensitive to changes with acute exercise (Tomporowski, 2003 ; Ludyga et al, 2016 ). Previous findings suggest larger benefits of exercise on RT are seen in children and older adults, with attenuated benefits in young healthy adults (Ludyga et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

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Effects of Acute Aerobic Exercise on Cognition and Constructs of Decision-Making in Adults With and Without Hypertension

Lefferts

DeBlois

White

et al. 2019

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Hypertension accelerates brain aging, resulting in cognitive dysfunction with advancing age. Exercise is widely recommended for adults with hypertension to attenuate cognitive dysfunction. Whether acute exercise benefits cognitive function in this at-risk population is unknown. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of acute aerobic exercise on cognitive function in 30 middle-aged hypertensive (HTN) and 30 age, sex, and body mass index (BMI)-matched non-HTN adults (56 ± 6 years, BMI 28.2 ± 2.9 kg/m2; 32 men). Subjects underwent cognitive testing pre/post 30-min cycling (≈55% peak oxygen consumption). Cognition was assessed using standard metrics of accuracy and reaction time (RT) across memory recognition, 2-back, and Flanker tasks. Behavioral data was further analyzed using drift-diffusion modeling to examine underlying components of decision-making (strength of evidence, caution, bias) and RT (non-decision time). Exercise elicited similar changes in cognitive function in both HTN and non-HTN groups (p > 0.05). Accuracy was unaltered for Flanker and 2-back tasks, while hits and false alarms increased for memory recognition post-exercise (p < 0.05). Modeling results indicated changes in memory hits/false alarms were due to significant changes in stimulus bias post-exercise. RT decreased for Flanker and memory recognition tasks and was driven by reductions in post-exercise non-decision time (p < 0.05). Our data indicate acute exercise resulted in similar, beneficial cognitive responses in both middle-age HTN and non-HTN adults, marked by unaltered task accuracy, and accelerated RT post-exercise. Additionally, drift-diffusion modeling revealed that beneficial acceleration of cognitive processing post-exercise (RT) is driven by changes in non-decision components (encoding/motor response) rather than the decision-making process itself.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Effects of Acute Aerobic Exercise on Cognition and Constructs of Decision-Making in Adults With and Without Hypertension

Lefferts

DeBlois

White

et al. 2019

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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“…Previous studies measured just one or two cognitive functional measures in executive functions) (Hyodo et al, 2012;Hogan et al, 2013;Byun et al, 2014;Ji et al, 2017;Legrand et al, 2018). Mainly, the executive functions are divided into three domains: inhibition, shifting, and updating (Miyake et al, 2000;Webb et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mainly, the executive functions are divided into three domains: inhibition, shifting, and updating (Miyake et al, 2000;Webb et al, 2018). However, previous studies used only one of the three executive functional domains, especially inhibition using the Stroop test (Hyodo et al, 2012;Hogan et al, 2013;Byun et al, 2014;Ji et al, 2017;Legrand et al, 2018). A meta-analysis study for aerobic exercise reported that there was no significant difference in the acute benefits of aerobic exercise on inhibition, shifting, and updating (Ludyga et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Single 30 Minutes Bout of Combination Physical Exercises Improved Inhibition and Vigor-Mood in Middle-Aged and Older Females: Evidence From a Randomized Controlled Trial

Nouchi

Kawashima

2020

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Background: Long-term combination of physical exercises has reported benefits for cognitive functions and mood states. However, it remains unclear whether a single bout of combination exercise training has acute positive effects on cognitive functions and mood states in middle-aged and older women. It is important to investigate acute effect of physical exercise because it would help to understand a mechanism of benefits of physical exercise. The purpose of this study was to investigate 30 min of a single bout of combination exercise training on cognition and mood states in middle-aged and older females. Methods: In this single-blinded randomized control trial (RCT), middle-aged and older females were assigned randomly to two groups: a combination exercise group and a no-exercise control group. The former group did the combination exercise training (aerobic, strength, and stretching exercises) for 30 min. Meanwhile, the latter group did not do any exercise and waited for 30 min. We measured cognitive functions and mood performance states before and after the exercise or control interventions. Results: Our main results demonstrated that, compared to the control group, the combination exercise improved inhibition (reverse Stroop and Stroop) and increased vigor-activity mood scores in both middle-aged and older groups. We also found that the only combination exercise group showed the significant positive correlations between improved inhibition performance and improved vigor-activity mood. Discussion: This randomized controlled trial revealed the acute benefits of combination exercise on inhibition in executive functions and vigor-activity in the healthy middle-aged and older females. Our results provided the scientific evidence related to acute effects of the single bout of the combination exercise training. It suggests that we would be better to do the 30 min physical exercise for our health.

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“…Study reveals facilitating effects of exercise on university students' processing speed and working memory in both environments. However, in contrast to TEMP, effects on working memory in COLD are transient [28]. There is still very limited research which showed that acute exercise improves long-term memory, associative memory and learning [15,[29][30][31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of acute exercise on cognition

Dwojaczny

Єрмаков

Yermakova

et al. 2020

PES

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Background and Study Aim. Several lines of evidence indicate that physical activity has a positive impact on central nervous system. The positive impact is observed in areas of brain related to cognitive processes such as memory, learning and attention. The majority of studies focused on the chronic effects of exercise. Relatively limited number of reports addresses the problem of influence of acute exercise (single bouts of exercise) on cognitive functions. Material and methods. We examined the influence of a single bout of exercise on cognitive performance of young volunteers (23 males; aged 20,91 ± 1,01). To evaluate the cognitive performance in our subjects we used Face/Name Association Test, Stroop Test and Trail Making Test. Volunteers run for 30 minute at moderate –intensity. Results. The mean results in the Face/Name Association Test before acute exercise were 63,52 ± 5,65% and after acute exercise 67,34 ± 5,82% (p<0,005). Statistically differences results were also observed in duration of the retrieval phase of this test (p<0,005). In the Trial Making Test, in part A mean results before acute exercise were 66,26 ±11,24 seconds and after physical training 52,39 ± 11,10 seconds (p<0,005). In part B mean results were 80,60 ± 22,52 and 70,47 ± 14,54 seconds before and after acute exercise, respectively (p<0,05). We have not observed statistical difference in results of the Stroop Test. Conclusions. Our data suggest that a single bout of exercise can influence the level of cognitive performance. We demonstrate improvement in cognitive function depending on hippocampus (short-term memory) and prefrontal cortex (attention, cognitive flexibility). We have not observed influence of acute exercise on Stroop test (executive function) results.

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Time-Dependent Effects of Acute Exercise on University Students’ Cognitive Performance in Temperate and Cold Environments

Cited by 10 publications

References 69 publications

Effects of Acute Aerobic Exercise on Cognition and Constructs of Decision-Making in Adults With and Without Hypertension

Effects of Acute Aerobic Exercise on Cognition and Constructs of Decision-Making in Adults With and Without Hypertension

A Single 30 Minutes Bout of Combination Physical Exercises Improved Inhibition and Vigor-Mood in Middle-Aged and Older Females: Evidence From a Randomized Controlled Trial

The effect of acute exercise on cognition

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