Time correlation of crack formation during impact fracture of rocks

Abstract

Samples of marble and granite with different grain sizes were subjected to impact fracturing under laboratory conditions. The acoustic-emission (AE) signals generated by growing cracks were detected at 10-ns intervals. Synchronically, the fractoluminescence (FL) resulting from the breakage of interatomic bonds on the sample surface was recorded. The duration of the intervals between the AE signals was shown to be a power-law function, typical of correlated (self-similar) processes. However, the FL signals did not follow this law, because the duration of free-radical formation is much shorter than the intervals at which they appear when chemical bonds break down. The AE data indicate that new cracks appear more often in materials with a smaller grain size.