Tiller Development Influences Seasonal Change in Cell Wall Digestibility of Big Bluestem(Andropogon gerardii)

MacAdam, Jennifer W.; Kerley, M. S.; Piwonka, E.J.; Sisson, Donald W

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0010(199601)70:1<79::aid-jsfa469>3.0.co;2-0

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Further, a decrease in neutral detergent fibre digestibility (NDFD) of leaf blade tissue was reported as mainly responsible for declines of forage DMD during vegetative regrowth (MacAdam et al 1996;Agnusdei et al 2011;Di Marco et al 2013). Researching tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb) Darbysh.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological, environmental and management factors affecting nutritive value of tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum)

et al. 2018

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The aim of this study was to quantify the relative importance of leaf age and leaf length on the dynamics of neutral detergent fibre (NDF), and 24-h in vitro digestibility of NDF (NDFD) and dry matter (DMD) of tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb) Darbysh.). Mini-swards were conditioned and used to conduct two experiments, the first with 4-cm plant stubble height in spring–summer 2009 and autumn–winter 2011, and the second with 4-cm or 10-cm plant stubble height in spring–summer 2011. Plants were harvested at consecutive leaf-appearance intervals to measure nutritive value up to the four-leaf stage. In parallel, leaf morphogenetic traits (appearance, elongation and lifespan) and sheath length of the successive leaves produced on marked tillers were measured. Leaf NDF contents remained stable with increasing leaf age and length but showed a marked variation across seasons. Leaf NDFD and DMD showed a consistent decrease with increasing leaf age and length, and irrespective of growing season or residual pasture height. The negative effect of leaf age and length on digestibility was related to variations in sheath tube length and associated differences in leaf appearance and elongation rates. These findings highlight the relevance of monitoring the sheath tube length as a complementary measure to leaf stage for further management of the NDFD and DMD of grass forages. Although the focus of this study was tall fescue swards, the same morphogenetic implications on forage nutritive value could apply to other temperate and tropical grass species; however, the testing of this hypothesis warrants carefully controlled investigations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological, environmental and management factors affecting nutritive value of tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum)

et al. 2018

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“…Nutritive value (digestibility and intake) of warmseason grasses has been reported to decrease from spring to summer (Jung and Vogel, 1992;MacAdam et al, 1996), largely due to increased cell wall and lignin constituents. Minson and Laredo (1972) reported intake increases with increasing leafiness in warm-season grasses.…”

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confidence: 99%

Phenology and Tiller Characteristics of Big Bluestem and Switchgrass Cultivars in a Short Growing Season Area

Madakadze¹,

Coulman

Stewart³

et al. 1998

Agronomy Journal

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Warm-season grasses are increasingly being cultivated in North America for summer forage and biomass production. The cooler temperatures and shorter growing seasons typical of Canadian production areas, are major limiting factors to warm-season grass production in these areas. This research assessed the morphological development and relationship of growing degree-days (GDD) to plant morphology and tiller characteristics in nine cultivars of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.; Blackwell, Cave-in-Rock, Dakota, Forestburg, Path-finder, Shelter, Sunburst, ND3743, and New Jersey 50) and in 'Niagara' big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii Vitman). The study was conducted for three years on a St. Bernard sandy clay loam (Typic Hapludalf) in southwestern Quebec. Stand cover, plant morphology, tiller number, height, and diameter, and leaf number per tiller were all assessed during the season. All entries persisted through the three years of the study and showed increases in tiller number (from an average of 565 to 683 m22) from one year to the next. Dakota, Cave-in-Rock, and Shelter switchgrass had the highest ground cover ratings after three years (85, 85, and 84%, respectively). Dakota, ND3743, and Forestburg were early maturing; New Jersey 50 was the latest in maturity. Niagara big bluestem had the tallest tillers (183 cm) and largest rates of increase in height (2.8 cm d21), followed by Cave-in-Rock (2.0 cm d21) and Blackwell (1.9 cm d21). The shortest tillers were recorded for Dakota (111 cm) and ND3743 (118 cm). Changes in leaf number per tiller with GDD were best described by quadratic regression models (r 250.80-0.97). These models were stable over two years. Cultivars varied in the number of GDD required for maximum number of leaves per tiller, with later-maturing cultivars generally requiring greater GDD accumulation. These data indicate that warm season grasses can be grown successfully in eastern Canada.

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“…In general, higher digestibility values are observed during autumn and winter than in spring and summer, with the rate of decline in digestibility with the developmental advance (stem elongation and flowering) being accelerated with higher temperatures (Macadam et al 1996). Although lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose concentrations varied little with the season, values for lignin and cellulose were lower in the colder periods than in the warmer seasons.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Rates and sources of nitrogen fertilizer application on yield and quality of Panicum maximum cv. Mombasa

Galindo

Buzetti

Filho

et al. 2019

Idesia

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The effects of nitrogen fertilizer sources (urea and ammonium nitrate) applied at different rates on the yield and quality of Megathyrsus maximus cv. Mombasa were compared in this study. The nitrogen rates applied after each monthly harvest were 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg N/ha (i.e., 0, 150, 300, 450 and 600 kg N/ha/year). The N fertilizer sources did not affect the Mombasa grass response to any of the production and nutritional characteristics; however, increasing nitrogen rates there was significantly increased dry matter yield and crude protein percentage, and decreased neutral detergent fiber (NDF) concentrations. Dry matter yield in control treatments was 31.3 t/ha, and responses reached a maximum of 30% with the application of 150 kg N/ha/cut, but considering the economical rate, the better economic return occurs with the application of 115 kg N/ha/cut. As urea has a lower price per unit of N than ammonium nitrate, it seems to be the best choice of fertilizer. Further studies are needed to determine why the dry matter yields of forage were so high and in what seasons should N fertilizer be applied when resources are limited. Longer-term studies would confirm these findings and assess the losses of N to the atmosphere or by leaching, especially at the higher rates.

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Tiller Development Influences Seasonal Change in Cell Wall Digestibility of Big Bluestem(Andropogon gerardii)

Cited by 11 publications

References 15 publications

Morphological, environmental and management factors affecting nutritive value of tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum)

Morphological, environmental and management factors affecting nutritive value of tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum)

Phenology and Tiller Characteristics of Big Bluestem and Switchgrass Cultivars in a Short Growing Season Area

Rates and sources of nitrogen fertilizer application on yield and quality of Panicum maximum cv. Mombasa

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