Thyroid function and autoimmunity in children and adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Riquetto, Aline Dantas Costa; Noronha, Renata Maria de; Matsuo, Eliza Mayumi; Ishida, Edson Jun; Vaidergorn, Rafael Eliahu; Filho, Marcelo Dias Soares; Calliari, Luís Eduardo

doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2015.07.003

Cited by 24 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…For example, reference values for TSH indicating (auto-immune) hypothyroidism varied from >4.0 up to >10 mU/L (48,49,50,51), usually but not always (49,51,52) dependent on fT4 levels to determine if the condition was classified as clinical overt or subclinical disease. In most studies, only hypothyroid patients with antibody positivity were considered as having autoimmune hypothyroidism (9,41,44,53,54,55,56,57) and others included ultrasound to confirm the diagnosis (58) or both (59,60,61,62,63). Two studies counted cases that were treated for their thyroid disease irrespective of antibodies (12,64).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Associated auto-immune disease in type 1 diabetes patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Nederstigt

Uitbeijerse

Janssen³

et al. 2019

European Journal of Endocrinology

100

105

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Introduction:The association between type 1 diabetes (T1D) and other auto-immune diseases is well known. However, a quantitative overview of all associated auto-immune diseases and their prevalence in T1D is lacking. Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE and Cochrane library in September 2018 to identify relevant articles about the prevalence of the following associated auto-immune diseases in T1D cohorts: auto-immune thyroid disease, celiac disease, gastric autoimmunity including pernicious anemia, vitiligo and adrenal gland insufficiency. A meta-analysis was performed to estimate pooled prevalence using a random-effects model. Furthermore, randomeffects meta-regression analysis was performed to assess the association between prevalence and mean age or diabetes duration. Results: One hundred eighty articles were eligible including a total of 293 889 type 1 diabetes patients. Hypothyroidism (65 studies) was prevalent in 9.8% (95% CI: 7.5-12.3) of patients. Meta-regression showed that for every 10-year age increase, hypothyroidism prevalence increased 4.6% (95% CI: 2.6-6.6, P < 0.000, 54 studies). Weighted prevalence of celiac disease was 4.5% (95% CI: 4.0-5.5, 87 studies). Gastric autoimmunity was found in 4.3% of patients (95% CI: 1.6-8.2, 8 studies) and vitiligo in 2.4% (95% CI: 1.2-3.9, 14 studies) of patients. The prevalence of adrenal insufficiency was 0.2% (95% CI: 0.0-0.4, 14 studies) and hyperthyroidism was found in 1.3 percent (95% CI: 0.9-1.8, 45 studies) of type 1 diabetes patients. For all analyses, statistical heterogeneity between studies was moderate to high. Conclusions: The prevalence of antibody-mediated auto-immune disease is high among type 1 diabetes patients. Especially hypothyroidism and celiac disease are frequently found.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Associated auto-immune disease in type 1 diabetes patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Nederstigt

Uitbeijerse

Janssen³

et al. 2019

European Journal of Endocrinology

100

105

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“… 14 The prevalence of GD is relatively lower than that of HT in patients with T1DM. 15 – 19 Meanwhile, a Brazilian cross-sectional study showed a prevalence of AITD based on positive TPOAb and TGAb as 21% in children/adolescents with T1DM. 19 In addition, previous clinical studies have shown that the presence of thyroid antibodies in patients with T1DM and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) predict a high risk for thyroid disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autoimmune thyroid disease and type 1 diabetes mellitus: same pathogenesis; new perspective?

Li¹,

Liu

2020

Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology

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Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are two common autoimmune diseases that can occur concomitantly. In general, patients with diabetes have a high risk of AITD. It has been proposed that a complex genetic basis together with multiple nongenetic factors make a variable contribution to the pathogenesis of T1DM and AITD. In this paper, we summarize current knowledge in the field regarding potential pathogenic factors of T1DM and AITD, including human leukocyte antigen, autoimmune regulator, lymphoid protein tyrosine phosphatase, forkhead box protein P3, cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen, infection, vitamin D deficiency, and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand. These findings offer an insight into future immunotherapy for autoimmune diseases.

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“…25 Other studies reported that 21-29% of patients with T1DM have AIT (anti TPO and /or TG ab). 18,19 Studies from Berlin and Iran reported that prevalence of anti TPO and anti TG antibodies among T1DM patients 8%-15.4% and 6%-14.4% respectively. 16,17 Several studies from India also have studied occurrence of anti TPO antibodies in T1DM pat ients (Table 2).…”

Section: Autoimmune Thyroid Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The overall prevalence of thyroid disease was found to be 13.4%, and was higher (31.4%) among females. 12 The prevalence of anti-thyroid antibodies in patients with T1DM is shown in Tables 1 5,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19] and 2. [20][21][22][23][24] In a multicenter survey 25 done in Germany and Austria that included 17,749 patients with type 1 diabetes, aged 0.1-20 years, antibodies were measured and documented at least once in 7,097 patients.…”

Section: Autoimmune Thyroid Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…25 Several longitudinal studies have stressed the importance of annual screening of thyroid disease in T1DM patients. 12,19 The best screening for thyroid dysfunction is estimation of TSH. According to American Diabetes Association (ADA), TSH levels should be estimated in all individuals with newly diagnosed T1DM shortly after the stabilization of the metabolic state.…”

Section: Autoimmune Thyroid Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Organ specific autoimmune disorders in type 1 diabetes mellitus

Ashok¹,

Sachan²

2017

jcsr

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Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease that results in absolute insulin deficiency due to destruction of the pancreatic beta cells. It is frequently associated with other autoimmune diseases like autoimmune thyroid (AIT) disease, celiac disease (CD), Addison's disease (AD), and vitiligo. These diseases, including T1DM are associated with organ specific autoantibodies. These autoantibodies are important as diagnostic markers and detectable antibodies may precede the clinical onset of the disease. These diseases usually occur together in same patient and have shared genetic predisposition. These autoimmune diseases can severely affect clinical management of T1DM. It is possible to screen for these associated diseases by testing for relevant autoantibodies. Earlier detection of organ specific autoimmunity will enable physicians to treat these diseases at an initial stage and can prevent development of fullblown clinical condition.

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Thyroid function and autoimmunity in children and adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Cited by 24 publications

References 16 publications

Associated auto-immune disease in type 1 diabetes patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Associated auto-immune disease in type 1 diabetes patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Autoimmune thyroid disease and type 1 diabetes mellitus: same pathogenesis; new perspective?

Organ specific autoimmune disorders in type 1 diabetes mellitus

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