Thyroglossal Duct Cysts: A Consideration in Adults

Abstract

Thyroglossal duct cysts (TDC) are one of the most common pediatric midline neck lesions. Although they are present from birth, they usually become symptomatic in early childhood as a mass or draining sinus. Infection and abscess formation are frequent complications due to a communication between the cyst and the mouth with subsequent contamination by oral flora. We present a case of a 37-year-old male who presented with a newly symptomatic thyroglossal duct cyst. The patient presented to the infirmary with pain in the anterior neck particularly with swallowing. A midline mass was visible and palpable on examination. Subsequent neck exploration revealed a thyroglossal duct cyst filled with purulent material. Although uncommon in adults, thyroglossal duct cysts should be a part of the surgeon's differential diagnosis when presented with a neck mass. One should remember that an infected neck mass is the common presentation of thyroglossal duct cysts in adults, and the appropriate diagnostic studies need to be performed in order to best determine the diagnosis. Once diagnosed, the TDC is best treated using the Sistrunk procedure to limit recurrence.

Cytological analysis of thyroglossal duct cysts

“…None of 28 patients belonged to pediatric population. Although some authors claim they have not noticed significant differences in behavior of children and adult patients with TDC, they are united in opinion that the cytological analysis is a useful diagnostic method, regardless of age [8,17]. In contrast, Lee et al stated that in children under 10 years of age, cytological analysis showed a diagnostic sensitivity of 70% and a positive predictive value of 41% so it is not recommended as a routine procedure in the stated age [18].…”

Thyroglossal duct cyst variation in presentation: our experience of 3 years

“…For assessing the relationship of cyst with hyoid bone and base of tongue, CT scan is better option than USG. 12 MRI is preferred for lesions near the tongue base. 13 In the present study all 20 patients underwent ultrasonography of neck and out of 20 patients, FNAC was done in 15 patients.…”

Thyroglossal cyst at unusual site: a rare case presentation

“…Infected neck mass is a common presentation in adults. 6 Sometimes, it may show atypical presentation either clinically or radiologically, which may pose a challenge in making correct diagnosis. Differential diagnosis includes dermoid cyst; branchial cyst; pyramidal lobe hyperplasia; teratoma; hamartoma; lipoma; sebaceous cyst; cavernous hemangioma; lymph nodes, etc.…”