Thyroglossal duct cyst variation in presentation: our experience of 3 years

Abstract

Background: The prime objective of the present study was, to learn incidence of thyroglossal duct cyst in different age and sex groups and variation in its presentation.Methods: The present retrospective study was carried out in department of otorhinolaryngology and head and neck surgery, GMC Jammu from June 2017 to May 2020. In this retrospective study clinical records, medical records and histopathological records were thoroughly reviewed and studied. 20 patients diagnosed as thyroglossal duct cyst were included in the present study.Results: Out of 20 patients, 14 were paediatric patients and 6 were adults. 15 patients presented with cystic swelling while 5 patients presented with fistula. Out of 20 patients, 5 patients had suprahyoid presentation, 4 patients had cyst at the level of hyoid and 11 had infrahyoid presentation. 16 patients underwent sistrunk operation while 4 patients underwent simple excision. Out of 4 patients who had undergone simple excision, 2 patients developed recurrence.Conclusions: In the present study it is concluded that paediatric age group presents most commonly with thyroglossal cyst as a midline, painless swelling. The most common site observed is infrahyoid region. After proper investigations and diagnosis, thyroglossal duct cyst should be excised preferably by sistrunk operation.