Thrombelastography in 26 healthy horses with and without activation by recombinant human tissue factor

Epstein, Kira L.; Brainard, Benjamin M.; Lopes, Marco A. F.; Barton, Michelle Henry; Moore, James N.

doi:10.1111/j.1476-4431.2008.00381.x

Cited by 67 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…4,5 Kaolin (hydrated aluminum silicate) initiates coagulation via the contact activator pathway. Ready-to-use kaolin vials make the use of this activator convenient and consistent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, recombinant tissue factor must be diluted from stock solution, potentially introducing a source of variability in TEG analysis. 4,5,16 The R and κ values are measures of the time to thrombus initiation. The R-value reflects the time it takes for the clot to start forming, while κ indicates the time to reach a defined clot strength.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The addition of an activator, such as tissue factor or kaolin, to whole blood has been reported to minimize variability and produce more rapid results in horses and human beings. 4,5 Additionally, activated samples produced lower analytical variability compared to unactivated samples in a group of healthy cats. 9 While TEG is extensively used to detect hemostatic abnormalities in dogs, 3,7,11,17 few studies have reported the use of TEG in cats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparing citrated native, kaolin-activated, and tissue factor–activated samples and determining intraindividual variability for feline thromboelastography

2011

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Abstract. Thromboelastography (TEG) is a point-of-care whole blood test of hemostasis. While TEG is becoming more widely used in veterinary medicine, few studies describe the use of TEG in cats. The objectives of the current study were to: 1) document the range of TEG variables produced in healthy cats using 3 sample types (citrated native, kaolin-activated, and tissue factor-activated), and 2) determine if there was a significant difference between 2 separate samples obtained from individual healthy cats on the same day. Jugular venipuncture was performed in 20 cats, and citrated blood collected for TEG. TEG analysis was performed on citrated native, kaolin-activated, and tissue factor-activated blood for each sample. Two hours later, the procedure was repeated from the opposite jugular vein, yielding a total of 120 analyses. Reaction time (R), alpha angle (α), kappa value (κ), and maximum amplitude (MA) were recorded from each tracing. No significant differences were found between TEG tracings from the first and second venipuncture samples. Significant differences were found between sample types for R, α, κ, and MA. Means for citrated native/kaolin-activated/tissue factor-activated methods were R = 4.1/3.7/0.6 min; κ = 2.5/1.8/2.2 min; α = 59.9/65.1/70.4 degrees; MA = 47.4/49.9/44.7 mm. A limitation of this study was the small number of cats used. Thromboelastography analysis may be a suitable method of evaluating hemostasis in cats.

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“…4,5 Kaolin (hydrated aluminum silicate) initiates coagulation via the contact activator pathway. Ready-to-use kaolin vials make the use of this activator convenient and consistent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparing citrated native, kaolin-activated, and tissue factor–activated samples and determining intraindividual variability for feline thromboelastography

2011

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“…Through thromboelastometry, we can evaluate the effect of heparin and control its therapy by graphic indicators of the interval of clotting time and clot formation, which is more judicious managed with the availability of specific reagents, such as Heptem ® -a heparinase that is inactive, thus facilitating the identification of anomalous effects from the therapy and the immediate correction of the dose or suspension of medication (Donahue & Otto 2005, Epstein et al 2009, Kol & Borjesson 2010, Mendez--Angulo et al 2010.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The evaluation via the reagent INTEM ® presented prolongation of CT and of CFT as well as reduction of the angle α and of ML starting from D16 and D19, indicating an effect from heparin treatment (Donahue & Otto 2005, Epstein et al 2009). The thrombocytopenia and reduction in the globular volume found on D16 and D19 in both groups may be related to reactivity of the thrombus after the employment of thrombectomy techniques.…”

Section: Thromboelastometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Thromboelastometric evaluation of horses submitted to experimental thrombosis and jugular thrombectomy

et al. 2016

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Jugular thrombosis in horses occurs commonly in iatrogenic situations, secondary to endotoxemic clinical condition and disseminated vascular coagulation, potentially leading to death. Thus, hemostatic evaluation becomes necessary and extremely important for monitoring the risks of systemic hypercoagulability and for the efficiency of allopathic and surgical treatment. This paper describes the hemostatic behavior in experimental jugular thrombosis of ten healthy equines, subsequently submitted to two thrombectomy techniques and receiving heparin sodium as anti-rethrombosis therapy. These animals were evaluated for 20 days by thromboelastometry (TEM), platelet count, hematocrit and fibrinogen, at four moments: pre-induction to phlebitis (D0-MPF); three days after thrombophlebitis induction (D3-MFM); 6 days after, -moment of thrombophlebitis -(D9-MT); and 54 (D16) and 126 (D19) hours after thrombectomies (PTM). Thrombectomy was performed via a Vollmar Ring (group 1, n=5) and Fogarty catheter (group 2, n=5). All the animals received heparin (150 UI/kg, SC) every 12 hours, for ten days after the respective thrombectomies. Through the blood samples were evaluated TEM, activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and prothrombin time (PT), dosing of fibrinogen, hematocrit and platelet count at the abovementioned moments. For comparison between groups and moments the t test was applied at 5% significance level. No significant difference was verified between treatment groups at any of the moments. There were reductions in clotting time (CT) and clot formation time (CFT), with increase in maximum lysis (ML) until the moment D9-MT. Evaluation through INTEM ® reagent presented prolongations of CT and CFT with reduction of α angle and ML starting from D16 and D19. Similarly, aPTT presented significant differences between moments pre-(D0, 3 and 9) and post-(D16 and 19) anticoagulant and surgical treatment. The platelet numbers were diminished at moments D16 and D19. In evaluation with EXTEM ® reagent, prolongation of CT and CFT occurred only between the moments D0 vs. D3 and vs. D9. O PT did not present significant differences. The results obtained demonstrate that experimental jugular thrombophlebitis leads to local clinical alterations, with impairment of tissue and of the extrinsic coagulation pathway (EXTEM ® ), but without evidence of systemic hypercoagulability status, since there was no increase of the alpha angle or maximum clot firmness (MCF). Furthermore, TEM was shown useful and more sensitive than conventional coagulation tests (PT, aPTT and fibrinogen) for the monitoring of anticoagulant therapy, as demonstrated in other works. Houve diminuição do número de plaquetas nos momentos D16 e D19. Na avaliação com reagente extem ocorreu apenas o prolongamento do CT e CFT entre os momentos D0 e o D3 e D9. O TP não apresentou diferenças significativas. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que a tromboflebite jugular experimental leva a alterações clínicas locais, com comprometimento tecidual e da via extrínseca da coagulação ...

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Immunohematology and Hemostasis

Jackson

2013

Equine Clinical Pathology

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Thrombelastography in 26 healthy horses with and without activation by recombinant human tissue factor

Cited by 67 publications

References 24 publications

Comparing citrated native, kaolin-activated, and tissue factor–activated samples and determining intraindividual variability for feline thromboelastography

Comparing citrated native, kaolin-activated, and tissue factor–activated samples and determining intraindividual variability for feline thromboelastography

Thromboelastometric evaluation of horses submitted to experimental thrombosis and jugular thrombectomy

Immunohematology and Hemostasis

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