Three Indonesian Clusters of H5N1 Virus Infection in 2005

Kandun, I. Nyoman; Wibisono, Hariadi; Sedyaningsih, Endang R.; Yusharmen,; Hadisoedarsuno, Widarso; Purba, Wilfried H.; Santoso, Hari; Septiawati, Chita; Tresnaningsih, Erna; Heriyanto, Bambang; Yuwono, Djoko; Harun, Syahrial; Soeroso, Santoso; Giriputra, Sardikin; Blair, Patrick J.; Jeremijenko, Andrew; Kosasih, Herman; Putnam, Shannon D.; Samaan, Gina; Silitonga, Marlinggom; Chan, Kwok‐Hung; Poon, Leo L. M.; Lim, Wilina; Klimov, Alexander; Lindstrom, Stephen; Guan, Yi; Donis, Ruben O.; Katz, Jacqueline M.; Cox, Nancy J.; Peiris, Malik; Uyeki, Timothy M.

doi:10.1056/nejmoa060930

Cited by 310 publications

(250 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Human infection cluster of H5N1 outbreaks with an average age of 13.7 and 15.4 y have been reported (4,5). The same phenomenon was found for the Spanish Flu pandemic (6) and the 2009 pandemic H1N1 strain (7).…”

Section: Nfluenza a Virus Infection Causes Severe Disease In Humanssupporting

confidence: 56%

Highly Pathogenic Influenza Virus Infection of the Thymus Interferes with T Lymphocyte Development

Vogel

Haasbach

Reiling

et al. 2010

The Journal of Immunology

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Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) cause severe disease in humans. Still, the basis for their increased pathogenesis remains unclear. Additionally, the high morbidity in the younger population stays inexplicable, and the recent pandemic H1N1v outbreak in 2009 demonstrated the urgent need for a better understanding about influenza virus infection. In the present study, we demonstrated that HPAIV infection of mice not only led to lung destruction but also to functional damage of the thymus. Moreover, respiratory dendritic cells in the lung functioned as targets for HPAIV infection being able to transport infectious virus from the lung into the thymus. The pandemic H1N1 influenza virus was able to infect respiratory dendritic cells without a proper transport to the thymus. The strong interference of HPAIV with the immune system is especially devastating for the host and can lead to lymphopenia. In summary, from our data, we conclude that highly pathogenic influenza viruses are able to reach the thymus via dendritic cells and to interfere with T lymphocyte development. Moreover, this exceptional mechanism might not only be found in influenza virus infection, but also might be the reason for the increased immune evasion of some new emerging pathogens.

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Section: Nfluenza a Virus Infection Causes Severe Disease In Humanssupporting

confidence: 56%

Highly Pathogenic Influenza Virus Infection of the Thymus Interferes with T Lymphocyte Development

Vogel

Haasbach

Reiling

et al. 2010

The Journal of Immunology

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“…recently documented several clusters of human-to-human swine influenza virus infections [20]. Similarly, although likely rare, there have been a number of reports of human-to-human transmission of highly pathogen avian influenza virus infections [25][26][27]. Infected with a virus efficient in human-to-human transmission, such agricultural workers would like serve as bridging population to infect their families and possibly their medical care providers.…”

Section: Swine and Poultry Workers As Bridging Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pandemic influenza planning: Shouldn’t swine and poultry workers be included?

Gray

Trampel

Roth

2007

Vaccine

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“…Sixteen HA and nine NA subtypes have been discovered in wild waterfowl, which are the natural host reservoir for all known IAVs. While only H1N1 and H3N2 IAV are currently established in humans, novel strains emerge periodically, often from wild or domestic birds, to cause human disease [1][2][3]. While these outbreaks are not always widespread, they often come with a higher mortality rate than seasonal influenza virus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influenza virus replication in macrophages: balancing protection and pathogenesis

Cline

Beck

Bianchini

2017

Journal of General Virology

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Macrophages are essential for protection against influenza A virus infection, but are also implicated in the morbidity and mortality associated with severe influenza disease, particularly during infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus. While influenza virus infection of macrophages was once thought to be abortive, it is now clear that certain virus strains can replicate productively in macrophages. This may have important consequences for the antiviral functions of macrophages, the course of disease and the outcome of infection for the host. In this article, we review findings related to influenza virus replication in macrophages and the impact of productive replication on macrophage antiviral functions. A clear understanding of the interactions between influenza viruses and macrophages may lead to new antiviral therapies to relieve the burden of severe disease associated with influenza viruses.

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Three Indonesian Clusters of H5N1 Virus Infection in 2005

Abstract: In 2005 in Indonesia, clusters of human infection with clade 2 H5N1 viruses included mild, severe, and fatal cases among family members.

Cited by 310 publications

References 16 publications

Highly Pathogenic Influenza Virus Infection of the Thymus Interferes with T Lymphocyte Development

Highly Pathogenic Influenza Virus Infection of the Thymus Interferes with T Lymphocyte Development

Pandemic influenza planning: Shouldn’t swine and poultry workers be included?

Influenza virus replication in macrophages: balancing protection and pathogenesis

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