Three-dimensional mathematical model analysis of the patellofemoral joint

Hirokawa, Shunji

doi:10.1016/0021-9290(91)90331-g

Cited by 112 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Reithmeier and Plitz, 1990;Yamaguchi and Zajac, 1989). Finally, Hirokawa (1991) presented a three-dimensional generalization of van Eijden's twodimensional model.…”

Section: ¿Eus Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biomechanics of the human patella during passive knee flexion

Heegaard

Leyvraz

Curnier

et al. 1995

Journal of Biomechanics

166

119

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-The fundamental objectives of patello-femoral joint biomechanics include the determination of its kinematics and of its dynamics, as a function of given control parameters like knee flexion or applied muscle forces. On the one hand, patellar tracking provides quantitative information about the joint's stability under given loading conditions, whereas patellar force analyses can typically indicate pathological stress distributions asso ciated for instance with abnormal tracking, The determination of this information becomes especially relevant when facing the problem of evaluating surgical procedures in terms of standard (i.e. non-pathological) knee functionality. Classical examples of such procedures include total knee replacement (TKR) and elevation of the tibial tubercle (Maquet's procedure).Following this perspecti ve, the current study was oriented to ward an accurate and reliable determination of the human patella biomechanics during passive knee flexion. To this end, a comprehensive three-dimensional computer model, based on the finite element method, was developed for analyzing articular biomechanics. Unlike previously published studies on patello-femoral biomechanics, this model simultaneously computed the joint's kinematics, associated tendinous and ligamentous forces, articular contact pressures and stresses occurring in the joint during its motion. The components constituting the joint (i.e. bone, cartilage, tendons) were modeled using objective forms of non-linear elastic materials laws. A unilateral contact law allowing for large slip between the patella and the femur was implemented using an augmented Lagrangian formulation, Patellar kinematics computed for two knee specimens were close to equivalent experimental ones (average deviations below 0.5° for the rotations and below 0.5 mm for the translations) and provided validation of the model on a specimen by specimen basis. The ratio between the quadriceps pulling force and the patellar tendon force was less than unity throughout the considered knee flexion range (30-150°), with a minimum near 90° of flexion for both specimens. The contact patterns evolved from the distal part of the retropatellar articular surface to the proximal pole during progressive flexion. The lateral facet bore more pressure than the medial one, with corresponding higher stresses (hydrostatic) in the lateral compartment of the patella. The forces acting on the patella were part of the problem unknowns, thus leading to more realistic loadings for the stress analysis, which was especially important when considering the wide range of variations of the contact pressure acting on the patella during knee flexion.

show abstract

“…Reithmeier and Plitz, 1990;Yamaguchi and Zajac, 1989). Finally, Hirokawa (1991) presented a three-dimensional generalization of van Eijden's twodimensional model.…”

Section: ¿Eus Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biomechanics of the human patella during passive knee flexion

Heegaard

Leyvraz

Curnier

et al. 1995

Journal of Biomechanics

166

119

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although some studies [10][11][12][13] have suggested that persons with patella alta may have altered mechanics of knee extension which predispose them to higher joint reaction forces, the literature does not provide a consensus on the precise effect of patella alta on patellofemoral force, contact area and contact pressure.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Is there a biomechanical explanation for anterior knee pain in patients with patella alta?

Luyckx¹,

Didden²,

Vandenneucker³

et al. 2009

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British volume

138

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that patella alta leads to a less favourable situation in terms of patellofemoral contact force, contact area and contact pressure than the normal patellar position, and thereby gives rise to anterior knee pain.A dynamic knee simulator system based on the Oxford rig and allowing six degrees of freedom was adapted in order to simulate and record the dynamic loads during a knee squat from 30° to 120° flexion under physiological conditions. Five different configurations were studied, with variable predetermined patellar heights.The patellofemoral contact force increased with increasing knee flexion until contact occurred between the quadriceps tendon and the femoral trochlea, inducing load sharing. Patella alta caused a delay of this contact until deeper flexion. As a consequence, the maximal patellofemoral contact force and contact pressure increased significantly with increasing patellar height (p < 0.01). Patella alta was associated with the highest maximal patellofemoral contact force and contact pressure. When averaged across all flexion angles, a normal patellar position was associated with the lowest contact pressures.Our results indicate that there is a biomechanical reason for anterior knee pain in patients with patella alta.Anterior knee pain may be present in as many as 30% of physically active individuals.

show abstract

“…Computational multibody models can be a potential tool to predict tendon, ligament and contact forces (Cohen, Henry, McCarthy, Mow, & Ateshian, 2003;Giddings, Beaupre, Whalen, & Carter, 2000;Hirokawa, 1991;Kwak, Blankevoort, & Ateshian, 2000;Lemay & Crago, 1996;Shelburne, Pandy, Anderson, & Torry, 2004;Wismans, Veldpaus, Janssen, Huson, & Struben, 1980). These models could provide valuable understanding to the in vivo loading environment of the elbow joint and enhance our comprehension of elbow mechanics and tissue interactions during dynamic activities (Guess, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two main tools have been used in biomechanics for developing computational models: finite element analysis (FEA) (Giddings et al, 2000;Li, Gil, Kanamori, & Woo, 1999;van der Helm, 1994b;Wu, Dong, Smutz, & Schopper, 2003) and multibody dynamics (MBD) (Anderson & Pandy, 2001;Barker, Kirtley, & Ratanapinunchai, 1997;Chaudhari & Andriacchi, 2006;Cohen et al, 2003;Freund & Takala, 2001;Gonzalez, Andritsos, Barr, & Abraham, 1993;Gonzalez et al, 1996;Hirokawa, 1991;Iwasaki et al, 1998;Kwak et al, 2000;Lemay & Crago, 1996;Li et al, 1999;Liacouras & Wayne, 2007;Lin et al, 2005; Morey-Klapsing, Arampatzis, & Bruggemann, 2005;Nagano et al, 2005;Peck et al, 2000;Piazza & Delp, 2001;Raikova, 1992Raikova, , 1996Shelburne et al, 2004;Triolo, Werner, & Kirsch, 2001;Wismans et al, 1980). FEA has the ability to predict the stress and strain within tissue in articulating contacts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and validation of a computational multibody model of the elbow joint

Rahman

2014

Advances in biomechanics and applications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Computational multibody models of the elbow joint can provide a powerful tool to study joint biomechanics, examine muscle and ligament function, soft tissue loading, and the effects of joint trauma. Such models can reduce the cost of expensive experimental testing and can predict some parameters that are difficult to investigate experimentally, such as forces within ligaments and contact forces between cartilage covered bones. These parameters can assist surgeons and other investigators to develop better treatments for elbow injuries and thereby increase patient care. Biomechanical computational models of the elbow exist in the literature, but these models are typically limited in their applicability by artificially constraining the joint (e.g. modeling the elbow as a hinge joint), prescribing specific kinematics, simplifying ligament characteristics or ignoring cartilage geometries.The purpose of this thesis was to develop anatomically correct subject specific computational multibody models of elbow joints and validate these models against experimental data. In these models, the joints were constrained by three-dimensional deformable contacts between articulating geometries, passive muscle loading, and multiple bundles of non-linear ligaments wrapped around the bones. iv In this approach, three-dimensional bone geometries for the model were constructed from volume images generated by computed tomography (CT) scans obtained from cadaver elbows. The ligaments and triceps tendon were modeled as spring-damper elements with non-linear stiffness. Articular cartilage was represented as uniform thickness solids covering the articulating bone surfaces. Finally, the model was validated by placing the cadaver elbows in a mechanical testing apparatus and comparing predicted kinematics and triceps tendon forces to experimentally measured values. A small improvement in predicted kinematics was observed compared to experimental values when the lateral ulnar collateral and annular ligament were wrapped around the bone. Some reductions of RMS error were also observed when a non-linear toe region was modeled in the ligament compared to models that had only a linear force-displacement relationship. None of these changes were statistically significant (ANOVA p-value was greater than 0.05).

show abstract

Three-dimensional mathematical model analysis of the patellofemoral joint

Cited by 112 publications

References 17 publications

The biomechanics of the human patella during passive knee flexion

The biomechanics of the human patella during passive knee flexion

Is there a biomechanical explanation for anterior knee pain in patients with patella alta?

Development and validation of a computational multibody model of the elbow joint

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About