Thorax imaging of vaccinated and non-vaccinated Covid-19 patients, how are they different?

Abstract

Covid-19 is a global pandemic which currently becomes the world's concern. There were various studies to overcome the problem of high mortality due to the infection of the SARS Cov-2 virus. Vaccine is one of the solutions to lessen the global burden. Vaccine is expected to produce immunity for community health. The scientists are investigating the effectiveness of the vaccine. Some vaccinated Covid-19 patients can still be infected by the virus even with moderate or severe symptoms. Chest x-ray is one of the modalities to see clinical progress. This study aims to compare the chest x-ray of hospitalized patients who have been vaccinated and those who have not. There were two groups of 60 hospitalized patients aged 18-50 years, namely the vaccinated and non-vaccinated groups. Patients with type II diabetes mellitus, hypertension, heart failure or autoimmune disease were excluded from the sample. Assessment of severity level through chest x-ray was done by calculating Brixia score. The calculation of Brixia score was carried out by three researchers having parallel levels of competence with a tolerance of differences of less than 5%. Bivariate analysis was conducted to compare Brixia scores between the two groups. A total of 8 male (26,7%) and 22 female (73,3%) patients in the vaccinated group had lower Brixia scores with a mean score of 1,53 + 1,27 compared to 30 patients (60% male, 40% female) in the non-vaccinated group with a mean of 6,0 + 2,61 and p value of 0.001. There were no death cases in all samples. There is a difference in the average Brixia score with a lower tendency of severity in the vaccinated group compared to the non-vaccinated group. Vaccine is useful for raising immunity so that it avoids severe conditions due to the SARS Cov-2 virus infection

COVID-19 Disease Severity and Blood Test Results in Unvaccinated and Vaccinated Patients at Bhayangkara Hospital, Denpasar, Indonesia

“…This paper presents an analytical observational study conducted at Bhayangkara Hospital, Denpasar, Indonesia. The methods for this study were adapted from prior research with modifications (Hanafi et al 2021, Islas-Vazquez et al 2022). This study used a purposive sampling technique.…”

“…The patients' disease severity and blood test results were evaluated. The severity of the COVID-19 disease were categorized as asymptomatic, mild, moderate, severe, and critical (Hanafi et al 2021). In addition, blood tests were used to analyze the erythrocyte, hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocyte, neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, eosinophil, basophil, platelet, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-tolymphocyte ratio (MLR), serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen-tocreatinine ratio (BCR) (Mao et al 2021).…”

Chest imaging of COVID-19 patients amongst diverse vaccination status: A comparative study using Brixia Score

“…In Indonesia, vaccine coverage has reached 132 million people in early March 2022. In fact, someone who has received the vaccine still has the potential to be infected by covid-19 (5). Unexpectedly, the third wave happened in early 2022, with an incidence rate of 32,211 new cases per day.…”

Correlation of mortality levels of COVID-19 comorbid Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with severity level of thoracic radiography in RSUD Dr. Moewardi

“…To assess the mortality rate of COVID-19 patients with comorbid diabetes mellitus, an assessment called Brixia score based on the results of chest X-rays of patients. Chest X-ray is an important modality that can be used to treat COVID-19 patients (5). The Brixia score was specially designed for semi-quantitative studies of lung disease in COVID-19, ranking pulmonary involvement on a specific severity scale (18 severity points in total) according to the extent and characteristics of the lung disorder (6).…”