Thin-layer chromatography of metallic derivatives of ehtylenebis(dithiocarbamic acid) and their degradation products

High-pressure liquid chromatographic determination of fungicidal dithiocarbamates

“…Me = Mn, et al, 1970), and oxidation (Rangaswamy and Vijayashankar, 1975; Kurzawa and Krzymifiska, 1977). Determination, without prior degradation of the dithiocarbamate structure, has been made by volumetric (Lakshminarayana, 1976), polarographic (Nangniot et al, 1978), and chromatographic methods (Fishbein and Fawkes, 1965;Smith et al, 1980;Pflugmacher and Ebing, 1980).…”

Derivatization of ethylenethiourea with m-trifluoromethylbenzyl chloride for analysis by electron-capture gas chromatography

“…Ethylenethiourea (ETU) is a degradation product of a widely used group of fungicides, the ethylenebisdithiocarbamates. It has been detected in formulated materials (Bontoyan et al, 1972; Czegledi-Janko and Hollo, 1967; Fishbein and Fawkes, 1965; Petrosini et al, 1963;Ludwig et al, 1954;Lopatecki and Newton, 1952) and as residues in certain food crops (Pecka et al, 1975). Toxicological investigations have demonstrated that at high concentrations ETU is goitrogenic (Graham et al, 1973; Graham and Hansen, 1972;Ulland et al, 1972; Innes et al, 1969), carcinogenic (Meland et al, 1972), and teratogenic (Khera, 1973).…”

Behavior and fate of ethylenethiourea in plants

“…Recent reports indicate that ETU is carcinogenic and goitrogenic (Graham and Hansen, 1972; Graham et al, 1973; Innes et al, 1969; Ulland et al, 1972). Analysis of commercial formulations of these fungicides showed that a considerable quantity of ETU was present as a degradation product and an impurity (Bontoyan et al, 1972; Czegledi-Janko and Hollo, 1967; Fishbein and Fawkes, 1965; Lopatecki and Newton, 1952;Ludwig et al, 1954; Petrosini et al, 1963). However, information about the fate of ETU in plants is conflicting, and it has not been clearly established whether ETU is accumulated and persistent (Ross and Ludwig, 1957;Vonk and Sijpesteijn, 1970) or rapidly degraded (Yip et al, 1971).…”