High-pressure liquid chromatographic determination of fungicidal dithiocarbamates

Gustafsson, Kenneth; Thompson, Richard A.

doi:10.1021/jf00106a012

Cited by 76 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Comparing the sensitivity of the present method to the previously reported HPLC-UV (10 -50 µg/L), [5][6][7] we can conclude that the LC/MS method is more than 200 times more sensitive than the previous method. Therefore, the LC/MS method is expected to provide highly sensitive detection and to be able to analyze sub-ppb levels of EBDCs in water samples.…”

Section: Idl = T(n -1) × Sdsupporting

confidence: 49%

See 1 more Smart Citation

LC/MS Studies on Characterization and Determination of N,N′-Ethylenebisdithiocarbamate Fungicides in Environmental Water Samples

et al. 2002

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Section: Idl = T(n -1) × Sdsupporting

confidence: 49%

“…7 The procedures of the preparation are as follows: 500 mL of water sample was put into a separatory funnel, and then 1 g of L-cysteine and 200 mL of alkaline EDTA solution were added to the sample. This should convert the Zn and Mn salts of EBDCs to Na salts.…”

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

LC/MS Studies on Characterization and Determination of N,N′-Ethylenebisdithiocarbamate Fungicides in Environmental Water Samples

et al. 2002

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“…Dithiocarbamates and their metal complexes have been used as antifungal agents in agriculture for decades without much knowledge about their mode of action (33). A mechanistic insight into their fungicidal property was provided only recently when a wide range of dithiocarbamates were found to be strong inhibitors of ␤-CAs from three fungal pathogens, C. neoformans, Candida albicans, and Candida glabrata (25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Metal Dithiocarbamates as a Novel Class of Antileishmanial Agents

Pal

Mondal

Datta

2015

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Dithiocarbamates have emerged as potent carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitors in recent years. Given that CAs are important players in cellular metabolism, the objective of this work was to exploit the CA-inhibitory property of dithiocarbamates as a chemotherapeutic weapon against the Leishmania parasite. We report here strong antileishmanial activity of three hitherto unexplored metal dithiocarbamates, maneb, zineb, and propineb. They inhibited CA activity in Leishmania major promastigotes at submicromolar concentrations and resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of parasite growth. Treatment with maneb, zineb, and propineb caused morphological deformities of the parasite and Leishmania cell death with 50% lethal dose (LD 50 ) values of 0.56 M, 0.61 M, and 0.27 M, respectively. These compounds were even more effective against parasites growing in acidic medium, in which their LD 50 values were severalfold lower. Intracellular acidosis leading to apoptotic and necrotic death of L. major promastigotes was found to be the basis of their leishmanicidal activity. Maneb, zineb, and propineb also efficiently reduced the intracellular parasite burden, suggesting that amastigote forms of the parasite are also susceptible to these metal dithiocarbamates. Interestingly, mammalian cells were unaffected by these compounds even at concentrations which are severalfold higher than their antileishmanial LD 50 s). Our data thus establish maneb, zineb, and propineb as a new class of antileishmanial compounds having broad therapeutic indices. Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease caused by the protozoan parasite of the genus Leishmania. The disease is manifested in various clinical forms, ranging from self-healing skin ulcers to fatal infection of the visceral organs. With an estimated 1.3 million new cases and more than 20,000 deaths every year, leishmaniasis continues to be a threat to a huge population living in tropical and subtropical countries (1).To date, there is no antileishmanial vaccine for clinical use (2). Treatment options are also few. After several decades of successful use against visceral leishmaniasis, the pentavalent antimonials have become almost obsolete because of resistance developed against these drugs (3). This has led to the emergence of a second line of defense, including amphotericin B, paromomycin, and miltefosine (4). However, severe side effects, cases of disease relapse after an initial cure, and increasing signs of resistance have limited their efficacy (5-7). The liposomal formulation of amphotericin B (AmBisome) is by far the most effective treatment for leishmaniasis, having minimal side effects (8). Despite the effectiveness of AmBisome, its cost is a major point of concern, especially since this disease is prevalent in poorer sections of communities. Novel therapies against all forms of leishmaniasis are therefore urgently needed.Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are a family of metalloenzymes that catalyze reversible hydration of CO 2 . By catalyzing this simple reaction, they play vital roles in a ...

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“…Thus, as an alternative method, DTCs are often methylated with methyl iodide following their transformation into water-soluble sodium salts using an aqueous alkaline ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) solution, which allows for differentiation between PB, EB, and DD. [12][13][14] However, the use of liquid chromatography-ultraviolet absorption (LC-UV) to detect the products obtained following this methylation process resulted in insufficient sensitivity. Therefore, a method based on the use of highly sensitive GC-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was developed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A rapid and sensitive analysis of dithiocarbamate fungicides using modified QuEChERS method and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

Kakitani

Yoshioka

Nagatomi

et al. 2017

Journal of Pesticide Science

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We herein present a method for the analysis of 10 dithiocarbamate fungicides (DTCs) in beer, fruit juice, and malt samples, where the DTCs were converted into water-soluble sodium salts in the presence of NaHCO 3 prior to methylation using dimethyl sulfate. Extraction of the methylated compounds from matrices was performed using a "quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe" (QuEChERS) method. Following a dispersive solid-phase extraction as a clean-up step, the methylated compounds were detected by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Performance evaluation was carried out on beer, fruit juice, and malt samples using representative compounds. Accuracies of the spiked compounds from the various matrices ranged from 92.2 to 112.6%, and the limits of quantification of propineb, mancozeb, and thiuram were <0.52, <0.55, and <6.97 µg/kg, respectively. The developed method was then applied in the determination of dithiocarbamate fungicide contents in commercial beer and fruit juice samples.

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High-pressure liquid chromatographic determination of fungicidal dithiocarbamates

Cited by 76 publications

References 14 publications

LC/MS Studies on Characterization and Determination of N,N′-Ethylenebisdithiocarbamate Fungicides in Environmental Water Samples

LC/MS Studies on Characterization and Determination of N,N′-Ethylenebisdithiocarbamate Fungicides in Environmental Water Samples

Identification of Metal Dithiocarbamates as a Novel Class of Antileishmanial Agents

A rapid and sensitive analysis of dithiocarbamate fungicides using modified QuEChERS method and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

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