Thin-layer and paper chromatography

Sherma, Joseph

doi:10.1021/ac00163a005

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 659 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…The importance of impurity detection and determination evokes the requirement for developing simple, economical, rapid and accurate analytical techniques which can be utilized easily in quality control laboratories wherein cost and time are essential. Owing to simplicity, cost effectiveness, time saving, no need for tedious sample preparation and high sensitivity, TLC densitometry could be considered as one of the best options for that purpose [ 2 , 52 , 53 ] Here, we present a novel TLC densitometric method for the simultaneous determination of NPZ, PHN and three related official impurities (NPZ impurity B, PHN impurities; A & B) in their quinary mixture. Moreover, EHS tool is applied for greenness evaluation of this method in comparison to our previously reported HPLC one [ 19 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a different manner, Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) is one of the most familiar and adaptable techniques used in detection and quantification of related impurities in the pharmaceutical filed. It has several advantages including; simplicity, cost-effectiveness, rapidness as well as good resolving power with accurate quantification of multicomponent mixtures [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A green TLC densitometric method for the simultaneous detection and quantification of naphazoline HCl, pheniramine maleate along with three official impurities

et al. 2022

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Impurity profiling of a pharmaceutical compound is now taking great attention during quality assessment of pharmaceuticals, as presence of small amount of impurities may affect safety and efficacy. In this work, a novel TLC chromatographic method coupled with densitometric detection was established for the simultaneous quantification of naphazoline HCl, pheniramine maleate and three of their official impurities, namely; naphazoline impurity B, pheniramine impurities; A & B. Chromatographic separation was carried out on TLC aluminum silica plates F254, as a stationary phase, using methanol: ethyl acetate: 33.0% ammonia (2.0: 8.0: 1.0, by volume), as a mobile phase. Plates were examined at 260.0 nm and International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines were followed for method’s validation. Important factors, such as; composition of mobile phase and detection wavelengths were optimized. Linearity was achieved over the ranges of 2.0–50.0 µg band−1 for naphazoline, 10.0–110.0 µg band−1 for pheniramine, 0.1–10.0 µg band−1 for naphazoline impurity B and 2.0–50.0 µg band−1 for both pheniramine impurities. The proposed method was assessed in terms of accuracy, precision and robustness where satisfactory results (recovery % ≈ 100% and RSD < 2) were obtained. The method was also applied for the simultaneous determination of naphazoline HCl and pheniramine maleate, in Naphcon-A® eye drops, with respective recoveries of 101.36% and 100.94%. Method greenness was evaluated and compared to the reported HPLC one via environmental, health and safety tool. The developed method has much potential over the reported one of being simple, selective, economic and time saving for the analysis of the five cited compounds.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A green TLC densitometric method for the simultaneous detection and quantification of naphazoline HCl, pheniramine maleate along with three official impurities

et al. 2022

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“…However, there are not many analytical methods as universal as the ones described previously. These methods were quoted in many publications, for instance, [ 21 – 30 ]. Moreover, TCMB may be easily synthesized from commercially available methyl trichloroacetimidate and o -phenylenediamine [ 1 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of 2-Trichloromethylbenzimidazole in Analytical Chemistry: A Highly Selective Chromogenic Reagent for Thin-Layer Chromatography and Some Other Analytical Uses

Konopski

Kiełczewska

2012

Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry

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2-Trichloromethylbenzimidazole (TCMB) was used as a chromogenic reagent in organic or inorganic analysis, mainly in thin-layer chromatography (TLC). In reactions of TCMB with some heteroaromatic nitrogen containing compounds, such as azines, azoles and benzazoles, a formation of high colored products occurred. For azines, the chromogenic reaction was highly regioselective, since the both adjacentα-positionsversusthe nitrogen atom(s) must not be substituted. A TLC method of detection was developed. Thirty azines, azoles, and benzazoles were detected at the detection limit 10 ng to 1 μg. This method was also applied for detection of heteroaromatic pesticides, and the attempts to construct active and passive dosimeters for nicotine were made. In a prechromatographic reaction of aromatico-diamines with methyl trichloroacetimidate, TCMB or its derivatives were formedin situ. Followed by TLC and visualization in pyridine vapors, this procedure was applied for detection ofo-phenylenediamine derivatives. The reaction product of TCMB and pyridine (LI Complex) was identified and fully characterized. Two different reaction mechanisms: with electron deficient basic heteroaromatic compounds, like pyridine, and with more acidic compounds, for example, pyrrole, were discussed. In aqueous solutions, the LI Complex may be also used as a new indicator for complexometric, adsorption and acid-base titration of inorganic compounds.

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“…Our earlier studies on the TLC resolution of various compounds (Bhushan and Ah, 1986, 1989Bhushan et al, 1989a) on impregnated plates indicate that impregnation of thin layer plates by a variety of reagents provides an improved resolution. The literature on qualitative and quantitative TLC analyses of several antibiotics has been reviewed (Sherma, 1986(Sherma, , 1988(Sherma, , 1990Sherma and Fried, 1984). Resolution of tetracycline antibiotics on kieselguhr impregnated with EDTA was reported by Gatsonis and Ageloudis (1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TLC separation of certain tetracycline and amino glycopeptide antibiotics

Bhushan

Ali

1992

Biomedical Chromatography

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The separation of tetracycline and amino glycopeptide antibiotics was achieved on silica gel thin layers. Tetracycline antibiotics were resolved on a Co+2 (1.0%) impregnated silica gel layer using ethanol:acetic acid:water (10:6:6, v/v/v) as the mobile phase. Amino glycopeptide antibiotics were separated on an untreated silica gel layer using the mobile phase n-butanol:formic acid:water (6:5:7, v/v/v). The spots of these antibiotics were located by exposing the chromatoplate to iodine vapours.

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Thin-layer and paper chromatography

Cited by 15 publications

References 659 publications

A green TLC densitometric method for the simultaneous detection and quantification of naphazoline HCl, pheniramine maleate along with three official impurities

A green TLC densitometric method for the simultaneous detection and quantification of naphazoline HCl, pheniramine maleate along with three official impurities

Application of 2-Trichloromethylbenzimidazole in Analytical Chemistry: A Highly Selective Chromogenic Reagent for Thin-Layer Chromatography and Some Other Analytical Uses

TLC separation of certain tetracycline and amino glycopeptide antibiotics

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