Thermodynamics of microbial growth and metabolism: An analysis of the current situation

Stockar, Urs von; Maskow, Thomas; Liu, Jingsong; Marison, I. W.; Patiño, Rodrigo

doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2005.08.012

Cited by 158 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…(8) is multiplied by T and substracted from an enthalpy balance around the cell formulated in an analogous way to Eq. (8), a Gibbs energy balance results [2] (Figure 9). Assuming again constant pressure and temperature and accounting for only the cell surface as matter exchange site, it reads:…”

Section: Gibbs Energy and Growthmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…P V e and N c Pe stand for the entering molar flow rate and the mean heat capacity of the mixture entering through the e-th exchange port, respectively, and r H X represents the heat of reaction (2), and r X denotes its rate (C-mol m 3 s 1 /.…”

Section: The First Law and Energy Balancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The different corresponding molar enthalpies of reaction r H i are linked to each other by the stoichiometry, Eq. (2). It may be shown that for the example of Reaction (2) measuring one of the stoichiometric coefficients and one of these reaction enthalpies suffices for determining all the other coefficients.…”

Section: Typical Heat Generation Curves During Microbial Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Simplification (i) is possible because the system does not include the whole culture vessel, but only the biomass contained in the broth. Allowing for these constraints, an entropy balance reads [2,43] …”

Section: U Von Stockarmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fortunately, an increasing awareness of this potential during recent years, as well as newly available data, has resulted in a growing number of scientific papers dealing with what is becoming known as biochemical thermodynamics or biothermodynamics [2,3]. Judging from this literature, biothermodynamics may today be subdivided into three large fields according to the scale of the system that is thermodynamically described (Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biothermodynamics of live cells: a tool for biotechnology and biochemical engineering

Stockar

2010

Journal of Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics

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The aim of this contribution is to review the application of thermodynamics to live cultures of microbial and other cells and to explore to what extent this may be put to practical use. A major focus is on energy dissipation effects in industrially relevant cultures, both in terms of heat and Gibbs energy dissipation. The experimental techniques for calorimetric measurements in live cultures are reviewed and their use for monitoring and control is discussed. A detailed analysis of the dissipation of Gibbs energy in chemotrophic growth shows that it reflects the entropy production by metabolic processes in the cells and thus also the driving force for growth and metabolism. By splitting metabolism conceptually up into catabolism and biosynthesis, it can be shown that this driving force decreases as the growth yield increases. This relationship is demonstrated by using experimental measurements on a variety of microbial strains. On the basis of these data, several literature correlations were tested as tools for biomass yield prediction. The prediction of other culture performance characteristics, including product yields for biorefinery planning, energy yields for biofuel manufacture, maximum growth rates, maintenance requirements, and threshold concentrations is also briefly reviewed.

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Section: Gibbs Energy and Growthmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: The First Law and Energy Balancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Typical Heat Generation Curves During Microbial Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: U Von Stockarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biothermodynamics of live cells: a tool for biotechnology and biochemical engineering

Stockar

2010

Journal of Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics

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Continuous Fermentation for Biopharmaceuticals?

Mears

Feldman

Falco

et al. 2017

Continuous Manufacturing of Pharmaceuticals

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A study of the growth for the microalga Chlorella vulgaris by photo‐bio‐calorimetry and other on‐line and off‐line techniques

Patiño

Janssen

Stockar

2006

Biotech & Bioengineering

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Calorimetry and other on-line techniques are used for the first time as complement to the traditional off-line methods in order to follow the growth of the green Chlorella vulgaris microalgae. A 2-L photo-bio-reactor was adapted from a commercial calorimeter used previously to study heterotrophic microbial growth. An external source of light was added to favor the photosynthesis of the autotrophic cells. Heterotrophic growth was also tested with external glucose in the broth. A third mode, mixotrophic, allowed faster autotrophic plus heterotrophic growth. Calorimetric measurements were performed considering the corresponding calibrations in order to consider only the energy involved during the microalgal growth. The three different modes of Chlorella cultures were energetically characterized. Besides calorimetry, the weight of diluted nitric acid added to maintain the pH of the culture was correlated with the cellular growth and the nitrogen composition of the algae. Additionally, the on-line infrared spectroscopy proved to be an efficient technique to follow the composition of the broth in glucose, nitrates, and phosphates. These results were compared and complemented with some classic off-line techniques used to track this kind of cultures.

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Thermodynamics of microbial growth and metabolism: An analysis of the current situation

Cited by 158 publications

References 21 publications

Biothermodynamics of live cells: a tool for biotechnology and biochemical engineering

Biothermodynamics of live cells: a tool for biotechnology and biochemical engineering

Continuous Fermentation for Biopharmaceuticals?

A study of the growth for the microalga Chlorella vulgaris by photo‐bio‐calorimetry and other on‐line and off‐line techniques

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