Thermo-economic optimisation of industrial milk spray dryer exhaust to inlet air heat recovery

Thermo-economic analysis of proton exchange membrane fuel cell fuelled with methanol and methane

“…The exergo-economics based analysis of thermodynamic processes considers the cost of exergy only not the entire cost of its elements (utility, equipment cost, labour cost, raw materials) for detailed economic analysis. The later approach has been reported to be used in the thermo-economic analysis of some thermodynamic systems which gives more realistic measure of performance such as in oil shale retorting processes with gas or solid heat carrier [34], lowgrade waste heat recovery in Yazd combined-cycle power plant by a CO 2 trans critical Rankine cycle [35], distillation based hybrid configurations for bioethanol refining [36], Organic Rankine cycle for exhaust waste heat recovery of a diesel engine [37], pressure swing adsorption process for bioethanol refining [38], combined supercritical CO 2 (carbon dioxide) recompression Brayton/organic Rankine cycle [39], ORCs (organic Rankine cycles) for low temperature waste heat recovery [40], milk spray dryer exhaust to inlet air heat recovery [41], Dual-purpose Power and Desalination Plants [42] and air energy storage (CAES) system integrated with a wind power plant in the framework of the IPEX market [43]. In addition, significant progress has been made in the design of hybrid system to convert the waste heat in PEMFC to electricity [44,45].…”

Process and utility systems integration and optimisation for ultra-low energy milk powder production

“…Walmsley et al [8] developed a dryer exhaust heat recovery model, which included economic calculations and fouling predictions, and found that a 14 % reduction in steam through heat recovery was most economical for a particular industrial site.…”

Appropriate placement of vapour recompression in ultra-low energy industrial milk evaporation systems using Pinch Analysis

“…Focuses of these studies have included optimisation of soft temperatures for minimising energy use [5], development of HEN (Heat Exchanger Networks) [6], dryer heat recovery modelling [7], and development of a comprehensive economic optimisation of the dryer exhaust heat recovery system [8]. Although the evaporation system was included in some of these studies, the finer details and constraints surrounding the entire evaporation system, including the milk heat treatment section, were not fully appreciated.…”