Thermo-catalytic degradation of different plastics to drop in liquid fuel using calcium bentonite catalyst

Panda, Achyut K.

doi:10.1007/s40090-018-0147-2

Cited by 51 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The pyrolysis of HDPE, LDPE, PP and mixed plastics yielded three different products: condensed oil and/or wax, non-condensable gas, and residue. The distribution of these fractions is different at different temperatures from 400 to 550 °C [21]. The condensable oil/ wax and the non-condensable gas/volatiles fractions constituted major products as compared to the solid residue fractions.…”

Section: Effect Of Temperaturementioning

confidence: 96%

Pyrolysis of Plastics to Liquid Fuel Using Sulphated Zirconium Hydroxide Catalyst

Panda

Alotaibi

Kozhevnikov

et al. 2019

Waste Biomass Valor

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A world without plastics is unimaginable now and probably also in future. With the growing use of plastic, the problem of waste plastic disposal is also growing. Recycling the plastics is a promising option to avoid the serious environmental challenge caused by them. Among the various options for recycling, catalytic conversion of plastics to hydrocarbons is very attractive. Catalytic pyrolysis depolymerizes the plastics to an oil which can be used as a liquid fuel. This is a sustainable way to utilize the waste, simultaneously promising to meet the energy demand. We studied the use of sulphated zirconium hydroxide as a catalyst for the pyrolysis of different types of plastics such as polypropylene, low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene and a mixture of all three. The objective was to understand the effect of the catalyst and the temperature on the composition of the oil as well as to find an optimum condition for maximum oil yield. Various reaction conditions and their influence on the product distribution are studied. The catalyst is effective in enhancing the reaction rate, altering the product selectivity and narrowing the product distribution of the reaction. At optimum conditions, we obtained more than 79% yield of oil which contains mainly C 10-C 24 hydrocarbons. The fuel properties are suitable to be used as a fossil fuel substitute.

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Section: Effect Of Temperaturementioning

confidence: 96%

Pyrolysis of Plastics to Liquid Fuel Using Sulphated Zirconium Hydroxide Catalyst

Panda

Alotaibi

Kozhevnikov

et al. 2019

Waste Biomass Valor

Self Cite

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“…[131] Clays have macroporous structures with milder acidity all of which facilitates moderate polymer cracking to produce heavier products. [131,132,221,222] The large porous nature of clays inhibits increased contact of the polymer with active sites, thus allowing for larger products to desorb prior to further reaction and resulting in the production of liquid fuels similar to that of diesel. [131,221,222] However, due to the large pore diameter, coke precursors fail to form and as a result, such catalysts are more deactivation resistant.…”

Section: Claysmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Heterogeneous Catalysis in the Chemical Valorization of Plastic Waste

2020

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, respectively. Her graduate research focused on the fundamental understanding of deoxygenation mechanisms for biomass probe molecules on single crystals and thin films. During her graduate career, she received the DOE Science Graduate Student Research (SCGSR) award (2019) and conducted surface science research at Brookhaven National Lab. She now is a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Her research focuses on surface spectroscopy and controlled design of heterogeneous catalysts. Melissa C. Cendejas received her B.A. (2016) in Chemistry and English from Williams College. There, she worked on the synthesis of conjugated organic molecules and phosphorusbased surfactants. She then started her PhD in Chemistry at the University of Wisconsin-Madison under the supervision of Prof. Ive Hermans. She studies active site formation on boron-based catalysts. She received the DOE Office of Science Graduate Student Research (SCGSR) award (2020) to perfrom in situ x-ray spectroscopy of catalysts at Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsourse. Prof. Dr. Ive Hermans obtained his Ph.D. from KU Leuven University in Belgium in 2006. In addition to his scientific education, he also holds a postgraduate degree in Business Administration (KU Leuven, 2006). After postdoctoral research on in situ spectroscopy and reaction engineering with Prof. Alfons Baiker, he became assistant professor for heterogeneous catalysis (spring 2008) at ETH Zurich in Switzerland. January 2014, Prof. Hermans moved to the University of Wisconsin-Madison, holding a dual appointment in the Department of Chemistry and the Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering. His group focuses on the mechanistic understanding of catalytic technology using a variety of techniques.

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“…When HDPE has been used as biomass, the reaction time without catalyst has been 83 minutes, while the reaction time has been reduced to 64 minutes with 33.3% (1:3) catalyst. The specific gravity of the pyrolysis oil measured 0.853 g/cm 3 when using %5 (1:20) catalyst in the pyrolysis process while it measured 0.789 g/cm 3 when using %5 (1:20) catalyst [47]. By using different catalysts and determining the optimum catalyst/biomass ratio, more chemically homogeneous and different ratios of pyrolysis products can be obtained.…”

Section: Catalyst Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling of Waste Plastics into Pyrolytic Fuels and Their Use in IC Engines

Erdoğan¹

2020

Sustainable Mobility

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The energy crisis and environmental destruction are the principal problems in the present day due to the rapid industrialization and growing population. Degradation of solid waste such as plastic bottles, grocery bags, etc. in nature takes many years. Besides, plastic disposing methods like landfill, reusing, and burning can create severe risks to the human health and environment. Therefore, plastic must be kept under control from damaging the environment. One of the most favorable and effective disposing methods is pyrolysis, which is an environmentally friendly and efficient way. Pyrolysis is the thermal degradation of solid wastes at high temperatures to produce pyrolytic oil. The pyrolytic oil produced is converted into pyrolytic fuel very similar to diesel or gasoline by upgrading. The calorific value of the pyrolytic fuel is similar to that of diesel and gasoline. Pyrolytic fuel can be used in internal combustion engines without significant loss in engine performance. Besides, some engine emissions, especially smoke opacity and CO and HC emissions, improve when used with additives or when the engine's operating conditions such as compression ratio and ignition timing are changed. However, NO x emission is very similar to diesel fuel, too.

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Thermo-catalytic degradation of different plastics to drop in liquid fuel using calcium bentonite catalyst

Cited by 51 publications

References 18 publications

Pyrolysis of Plastics to Liquid Fuel Using Sulphated Zirconium Hydroxide Catalyst

Pyrolysis of Plastics to Liquid Fuel Using Sulphated Zirconium Hydroxide Catalyst

The Use of Heterogeneous Catalysis in the Chemical Valorization of Plastic Waste

Recycling of Waste Plastics into Pyrolytic Fuels and Their Use in IC Engines

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