Thermic and Hydric Dynamics of Ironstone (Canga) and Quartzite Rupestrian Grasslands in the Quadrilátero Ferrífero: The Ecological Importance of Water

Ferrari, Lucas Teixeira; Schaefer, Carlos Ernesto Gonçalves Reynaud; Fernandes, Raphael Bragança Alves; Mendonça, Bruno Araújo Furtado de; Gjorup, Davi Feital; Corrêa, Guilherme Resende; Senra, Eduardo Osório

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-29808-5_4

Cited by 12 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Surprisingly, substrate x physiognomy interactions did not explain significant variation in either metric. The significance of physiognomy in explaining variation in NTI in our study is consistent with the observations that across campo rupestre the development of forest tends to occur in areas that are more favorable in terms of water and/or nutrient availability ( Ferrari et al, 2016 ) and that in these fragmented campo rupestre landscapes the co-existence of forests and grasslands at the same altitude indicates that the distribution of tree species might be attributable to additional factors such as soil physical and chemical parameters ( Coelho et al, 2018 ). In this context the lack of phylogenetic clustering of terminals in phylotrees representing assemblages from forest environments may be attributable to a relatively smaller role for environmental filtering in forests than in more environmentally stressful areas where open vegetation develops.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Parallel monitoring of air and soil temperatures showed different patterns across the four sites compared by Ferrari et al (2016) . In general, air temperatures of grasslands were similar to those of forest, but soil temperatures in forest more closely reflected air temperature while grassland soil temperatures showed more seasonal and annual variation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Two very recent, synthetic studies of campo rupestre soils ( Ferrari et al, 2016 ; Schaefer et al, 2016 ) have been of particular interest in the interpretation of our results because they include detailed comparisons of campo rupestre on quartzite and on canga . Using a conceptual framework very similar to the present study, Ferrari et al (2016) monitored thermic and hydric dynamics of soils in four sites, contrasting open campo rupestre vegetation on canga (OC) and FC with open campo rupestre vegetation on quartzite (OQ) and FQ. Their results confirm the observations of many earlier authors ( Meguro et al, 1996a , b ), that soil depth is key, in both quartzite and canga landscapes, with forest occurring on much deeper soils than grassland.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, detailed monitoring of diurnal and seasonal changes in soil moisture showed that, in general, there was greater seasonal variation in soil moisture on canga , especially at the surface. Campo rupestre grasslands on canga (OC) and on quartzite (OQ) showed greater variation in soil moisture than did forest sites, with recorded moisture levels frequently indicating severe water deficits in grassland on canga (OC) and even more frequently in grassland on quartzite (OQ), a difference which Ferrari et al (2016) attribute to the greater clay and silt content of the canga soils resulting in greater water retention and availability. No water deficits were recorded for FQ while interpretation of results for FC was complicated by technical/methodological issues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant Biodiversity Drivers in Brazilian Campos Rupestres: Insights from Phylogenetic Structure

et al. 2017

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Old, climate-buffered infertile landscapes (Ocbils) have attracted increasing levels of interest in recent years because of their exceptionally diverse plant communities. Brazil’s campos rupestres (rupestrian grasslands) are home to almost 15% of Brazil’s native flora in less than 0.8% of Brazil’s territory: an ideal study system for exploring variation in floristic diversity and phylogenetic structure in sites differing in geology and phytophysiognomy. We found significant differences in floristic diversity and phylogenetic structure across a range of study sites encompassing open vegetation and forest on quartzite (FQ) and on ironstone substrates, commonly termed canga. Substrate and physiognomy were key in structuring floristic diversity in the Espinhaço and physiognomy was more important than substrate in structuring phylogenetic diversity, with neither substrate nor its interaction with physiognomy accounting for significant variation in phylogenetic structure. Phylogenetic clustering was significant in open vegetation on both canga and quartzite, reflecting the potential role of environmental filtering in these exposed montane communities adapted to multiple environmental stressors. In forest communities, phylogenetic clustering was significant only at relatively deep nodes of the phylogeny in FQ while no significant phylogenetic clustering was detected across forest on canga (FC), which may be attributable to proximity to the megadiverse Atlantic forest biome and/or comparatively benign environmental conditions in FC with relatively deep, nutrient-rich soils and access to edaphic water reliable in comparison to those for open vegetation on canga and open or forest communities on quartzite. Clades representing relatively old lineages are significantly over-represented in campos rupestres on quartzite, consistent with the Gondwanan Heritage Hypothesis of Ocbil theory. In contrast, forested sites on canga are recognized as Yodfels. To be effective, conservation measures must take account of the distinct communities which are encompassed within the broad term campos rupestres, and the differing vulnerabilities of Ocbils and Yodfels.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant Biodiversity Drivers in Brazilian Campos Rupestres: Insights from Phylogenetic Structure

et al. 2017

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“…clay, silt, and ne sand) (Supplementary Material, TableA1). Finer soil particles account for greater water retention and availability(Schaefer et al 2016), as well as enabling greater physical support for roots (Assis et al 2011), having a strong in uence on the forested vegetation of the rupestrian complex(Negreiros et al 2014;Ferrari et al 2016). In addition, our results showed that these metrics were in uenced by soil fertility.…”

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Local-Scale Environmental Filtering Shape Plant Taxonomic and Phylogenetic Diversity in the Isolated Amazonian Tepui (Tepequém Table Mountain)

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et al. 2021

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Understanding how environmental drivers induce changes in plant composition and diversity across evolutionary time can provide important insights into the mechanisms of community assembly. We evaluated how taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity and structure of plant communities change along a local-scale edaphic and topographic gradient in the Tepequém table mountain, Brazilian Amazon. We selected three phytophysiognomies along the altitudinal gradient: Open Rupestrian Grassland, Shrubby Rupestrian Grassland, and Forest. We compared community composition and taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity between phytophysiognomies, and we tested regression linear effect models to investigate the effect of altitude and soil properties on taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity. The highest species richness and phylogenetic diversity were found at lower elevation for Forest. Mean pairwise phylogenetic distance, mean nearest taxon phylogenetic distance, and all standardised phylogenetic metrics were significantly lower in Shrubby Rupestrian Grassland. This phytophysiognomy showed phylogenetic clustering. Forest showed a cluster pattern when only terminal nodes are considered and random dispersion to deep phylogenetic nodes. Open Rupestrian Grassland also showed random phylogenetic structure. The regression analyses showed that species richness and different phylogenetic diversity metrics were explained by altitude and soil properties. However, standardised metrics were not explained by these environmental variables. Comprehensive studies including the role of environmental drivers in plant evolutionary history along the altitudinal gradient are necessary for explaining community assembly patterns and provide additional information for conservation planning.

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Local-scale environmental filtering shape plant taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity in an isolated Amazonian tepui (Tepequém table mountain)

et al. 2021

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Understanding how environmental drivers induce changes in plant composition and diversity across evolutionary time can provide important insights into the mechanisms of community assembly. We evaluated how taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity and structure of plant communities change along a local-scale edaphic and topographic gradient in the Tepequém table mountain, Brazilian Amazon. We selected three phytophysiognomies along the altitudinal gradient: Open Rupestrian Grassland, Shrubby Rupestrian Grassland, and Forest. We compared community composition and taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity between phytophysiognomies, and we tested regression linear effect models to investigate the effect of altitude and soil properties on taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity. The highest species richness and phylogenetic diversity were found at lower elevation for Forest. Mean pairwise phylogenetic distance, mean nearest taxon phylogenetic distance, and all standardised phylogenetic metrics were signi cantly lower in Shrubby Rupestrian Grassland. This phytophysiognomy showed phylogenetic clustering. Forest showed a cluster pattern when only terminal nodes are considered and random dispersion to deep phylogenetic nodes. Open Rupestrian Grassland also showed random phylogenetic structure. The regression analyses showed that species richness and different phylogenetic diversity metrics were explained by altitude and soil properties. However, standardised metrics were not explained by these environmental variables. Comprehensive studies including the role of environmental drivers in plant evolutionary history along the altitudinal gradient are necessary for explaining community assembly patterns and provide additional information for conservation planning.

show abstract

Thermic and Hydric Dynamics of Ironstone (Canga) and Quartzite Rupestrian Grasslands in the Quadrilátero Ferrífero: The Ecological Importance of Water

Cited by 12 publications

References 9 publications

Plant Biodiversity Drivers in Brazilian Campos Rupestres: Insights from Phylogenetic Structure

Plant Biodiversity Drivers in Brazilian Campos Rupestres: Insights from Phylogenetic Structure

Local-Scale Environmental Filtering Shape Plant Taxonomic and Phylogenetic Diversity in the Isolated Amazonian Tepui (Tepequém Table Mountain)

Local-scale environmental filtering shape plant taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity in an isolated Amazonian tepui (Tepequém table mountain)

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