Thermally-induced birefringence in VCSELs: approaching the limits

Pusch, Tobias; Scherübl, Sebastian; Lindemann, Markus; Gerhardt, Nils C.; Hofmann, Martin R.; Michalzik, Rainer

doi:10.1117/12.2306215

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In addition, multiple lateral modes can affect the polarisation response, so determining the modal properties experimentally, and modelling their effects [25] should also be considered. Nevertheless with the SFM alone we see some indication of the sensitivity for high spin amplification to the parameters γ a and γ p , as discussed in [8,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], and it is clear from the SFM (see equation ( 2)) that minimisation of γ a and γ p is essential for high spin amplification. Practically this might be achieved by balancing residual strain in the device by methods such as temperature control, patterning or application of mechanical stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Attributes of spin-VCSELs such as threshold reduction [1][2][3], polarisation control [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] and spin amplification [4][5][6]9] have been demonstrated. In addition to these static properties, the fast spin-dynamics of these lasers have been investigated [9,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], and promise enhanced performance for applications such as high data rate communications. However, the static properties of spin VCSELs still bear considerable study to improve the general understanding of their behaviour, as such knowledge will aid device engineering for a range of applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Near-threshold high spin amplification in a 1300 nm GaInNAs spin laser

Cemlyn

Adams

Harbord

et al. 2018

Semicond. Sci. Technol.

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Using continuous-wave optical pumping of a spin-VCSEL at room temperature, we find high spin amplification of the pump close to threshold within the communications wavelength window, here at 1300 nm. This facilitates a strong switch from left to right circularly polarised light emission, which has potential applications in polarisation encoding for data communications. We use a simple spin flip model to fit the experimental results and discuss the VCSEL parameters that affect this amplification.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near-threshold high spin amplification in a 1300 nm GaInNAs spin laser

Cemlyn

Adams

Harbord

et al. 2018

Semicond. Sci. Technol.

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show abstract

“…A semiconductor ridge connected to the VCSEL mesa was implemented and two current circuits were used to establish a small laser driving current and a high heating current which was driven through the ridge for an asymmetric temperature increase. A tuning range of the birefringence splitting

normalΔ B

of 54 GHz (exceeding the maximum previous value [12] by more than a factor of two) was achieved with a maximum of

B = 79 GHz

[13]. The downside of asymmetric heating is the temperature rise in the laser itself which is detrimental to the output power.…”

Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical‐cavity surface‐emitting laser with integrated surface grating for high birefringence splitting

et al. 2019

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Increasing the birefringence splitting in single-mode vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) enables high-speed polarisation dynamics which can be the basis to overcome the current bandwidth limitations in short-haul data transmission. The authors observe large birefringence splittings of up to 98 GHz in an oxide-confined AlGaAs-based VCSEL with a tailored integrated surface grating. Since surface gratings are routinely used in VCSEL production, there is a great potential of this technique to realise spin-VCSELs for ultrafast optical communication.

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Bias current and temperature dependence of polarization dynamics in spin-lasers with electrically tunable birefringence

et al. 2020

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We investigate and compare the intensity and polarization dynamics in a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) with a monolithically integrated, electrically controlled birefringence tuning mechanism. The influence of the bias current on the polarization dynamics is investigated over a large range of birefringence values. Bias current tuning toward low values and simultaneous maximization of the resonance frequency is an important strategy to optimize the spin-VCSEL toward energy-efficient operation. A polarization dynamics resonance tuning range from a few GHz up to the maximum frequency of 36 GHz was achieved, and polarization dynamics at maximum frequency are demonstrated at minimum bias current and at high temperatures of approximately 70 °C. We propose a strategy for data communication with low energy consumption and low cooling effort.

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Thermally-induced birefringence in VCSELs: approaching the limits

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

Near-threshold high spin amplification in a 1300 nm GaInNAs spin laser

Near-threshold high spin amplification in a 1300 nm GaInNAs spin laser

Vertical‐cavity surface‐emitting laser with integrated surface grating for high birefringence splitting

Bias current and temperature dependence of polarization dynamics in spin-lasers with electrically tunable birefringence

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