Thermal optimization of 1.55 μm OP-VECSEL with hybrid metal–metamorphic mirror for single-mode high power operation

Tourrenc, J.P.; Bouchoule, S.; Khadour, Aghiad; Harmand, J. C.; Miard, A.; Décobert, J.; Lagay, N.; Lafosse, Xavier; Sagnes, I.; Leroy, L.; Oudar, Jean‐Louis

doi:10.1007/s11082-007-9174-5

Cited by 41 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Figure 2(a) shows the architecture of the cavity of the DF-VECSEL operating at 1.55 µm. It is based on a 1/2-VCSEL structure including an InP/InGaAlAs multiquantum-well active region, and a GaAs/AlAs Bragg mirror [20]. The substrate used is polycrystalline chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond [21].…”

Section: A Noise Correlation Measurement Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intensity- and phase-noise correlations in a dual-frequency vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser operating at telecom wavelength

Baili

Bouchoule³

et al. 2015

Phys. Rev. A

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The amplitude and phase noises of a dual-frequency vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser (DF-VECSEL) operating at telecom wavelength are theoretically and experimentally investigated in detail. In particular, the spectral behavior of the correlation between the intensity noises of the two modes of the DF-VECSEL is measured. Moreover, the correlation between the phase noise of the radio-frequency (RF) beatnote generated by optical mixing of the two laser modes with the intensity noises of the two modes is investigated. All these spectral behaviors of noise correlations are analyzed for two different values of the nonlinear coupling between the laser modes. We find that to describe the spectral behavior of noise correlations between the laser modes, it is of utmost importance to have a precise knowledge about the spectral behavior of the pump noise, which is the dominant source of noise in the frequency range of our interest (10 kHz to 35 MHz). Moreover, it is found that the noise correlation also depends on how the spatially separated laser modes of the DF-VECSEL intercept the noise from a multi-mode fiber-coupled laser diode used for pumping both the laser modes. To this aim, a specific experiment is reported, which aims at measuring the correlations between different spatial regions of the pump beam. The experimental results are in excellent agreement with a theoretical model based on modified rate equations.

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Section: A Noise Correlation Measurement Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intensity- and phase-noise correlations in a dual-frequency vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser operating at telecom wavelength

Baili

Bouchoule³

et al. 2015

Phys. Rev. A

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“…The drawback of this material system is the lack of high index contrast for lattice-matched InP-based DBR layers that can be monolithically integrated with the gain structure. Consequently, the recent development of InP-based VECSELs has utilized metamorphic growth with hybrid mirror technology [116], or wafer bonding techniques which enable the integration of InP-based gain structures with GaAs-based DBRs [117,118]. These approaches will be described in more detail in the next section.…”

Section: Gain Mirror Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The benefits of these materials include high adhesion, high mechanical stability and limited diffusion between the layers [133]. But the use of oxide di electrics also has certain clear drawbacks; namely, they exhibit poor thermal conductivity [116,134] and poor adhesion to Au [135]. One possible way to circumvent these drawbacks could be to use fluoride dielectrics, due to their higher thermal conductivities [136] and better adhesion to Au [137].…”

Section: Use Of Hybrid Mirrors With Reduced Thickness Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optically pumped VECSELs: review of technology and progress

Guina

Rantamäki

Härkönen

2017

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

186

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“…Several alternatives have been explored for improved mirrors in this case. Metamorphic, or non-latticematched, semiconductor mirror materials have been used, for example, GaAs/AlAs mirrors on InP substrate, as well as hybrid metal-enhanced metamorphic mirrors [122,123]. Dielectric mirrors [124] have also been used in VECSELs with optical pumping since no current injection is required in this case.…”

Section: On-chip Multilayer Laser Bragg Mirrormentioning

confidence: 99%

VECSEL Semiconductor Lasers: A Path to High‐Power, Quality Beam and UV to IR Wavelength by Design

Kuznetsov¹

2010

Semiconductor Disk Lasers

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Since its invention and demonstration in 1960, several types of laser have been developed, such as solid-state, semiconductor, gas, excimer, and dye lasers [1]. Today, lasers are used in a wide range of important applications, particularly in optical fiber communication, optical digital recording (CD, DVD, and Blu-ray), laser materials processing, biology and medicine, spectroscopy, imaging, entertainment, and many others. A number of properties enable the application of lasers in these diverse areas, each application requiring a particular combination of these properties. Some of the most important laser properties are laser emission wavelength; output optical power; method of laser excitation, whether by optical pumping or electrical current injection; laser power consumption and efficiency; high-speed modulation or short pulse generation ability; wavelength tunability; output beam quality; device size; and so on. Thus, optical fiber communication [2], a major application that enables modern Internet, commonly requires lasers with emission wavelengths in the 1.55 mm lowloss band of glass fibers and with single-transverse mode output beams for coupling into single-mode optical fibers. Typically, a given laser type excels in some of these properties, while exhibiting shortcomings in others. For example, by using different material compositions and structures, the most widely used semiconductor diode laser [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] can cover a wide range of wavelengths from the ultraviolet (UV) to the mid-IR, can be advantageously driven by diode current injection, and is very compact and efficient. However, the good beam quality, that is, single-transverse mode nearcircular beam operation, can be typically achieved in semiconductor lasers only for output powers below 1 W. Much higher power levels are achievable from semiconductor lasers only with large aspect ratio highly multimoded poor quality optical beams. On the other hand, the solid-state lasers [13,14], including fiber lasers [15], can emit hundreds of watts of output power with excellent beam quality, however, their emission wavelengths are restricted to discrete values of electronic transitions in ions, such as the classic 1064 nm wavelength of the Nd:YAG laser, making them Semiconductor Disk Lasers. Physics and Technology. Edited by Oleg G. Okhotnikov

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Thermal optimization of 1.55 μm OP-VECSEL with hybrid metal–metamorphic mirror for single-mode high power operation

Cited by 41 publications

References 28 publications

Intensity- and phase-noise correlations in a dual-frequency vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser operating at telecom wavelength

Intensity- and phase-noise correlations in a dual-frequency vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser operating at telecom wavelength

Optically pumped VECSELs: review of technology and progress

VECSEL Semiconductor Lasers: A Path to High‐Power, Quality Beam and UV to IR Wavelength by Design

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