“…Al-Qattan (Saudi Arabia) [16] reported the highest percentage of injuries in the 15-55.99 years old age subset. The present study and the “other” , single case reports, [1, 15, 17, 18] had the highest percent of 56+ years old patients compared to the “Streets of Fire” [2] and Saudi Arabia [16] cases (Figure 5). Fig.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 46%
“…Alcoholism were noted in four patients in the Harrington [2]: three assaults/arrests, and one heat stroke case. The "Streets of Fire" article about Phoenix in 1995 [2] and the Al-Qattan article on Saudi Arabia in 2000 [16] had more than 10 cases each and were statistically compared separately from the “other”, <10 cases reports [1, 15, 17, 18] group. The majority of cases were diabetic and/or barefoot pedestrians, although there were a few case reports of seizures, and syncope.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Temperatures severe enough to contribute to burns from the environment have been reported, especially in heavily populated desert areas. The first accounts of pavement-street contact burns were the Arizona Burn Center case series of three motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) by Berens in 1970 [1], and the temperature and patient description in 1995 by Harrington et al [2]. Additional contact pavement burn reports from this center were on pediatric feet in 2006 [3], and seizures in 2007 [4].…”
BackgroundPavement-street contact burns are rare. This study compared recent contact burns to those published in “Pavement temperature and burns: Streets of Fire” in 1995. The hypothesis was that there were a significantly increased number of pavement-street burns, as a result of increased ambient temperatures, and that motor vehicle crash (MVC) contact burns were less severe than pavements-street burns.MethodsThis was a retrospective burn center registry study of naturally heated surface contact burns during May to September from 2016 to 2018. Statistical analyses were performed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Maximum Likelihood chi-squared for age, percent of total burn surface area (% TBSA), treatment, hospitalization, comorbidities, hospital charges, mortality, ambient, and surface temperatures (pavement, asphalt, rocks).ResultsIn the 1995 study, median ambient temperatures were 106 (range 100–113) °F compared to the 108 (range 86–119) °F highest noon temperature in the current study. No ambient temperature differences were recorded on days with pavement burn admissions compared to days without these admissions. There were 225 pavement, 27 MVC, 15 road rash, and 103 other contact burns. The major injuries in the pavement group were due to being “down” (unknown reason), falls, and barefoot. Compared to the others, the pavement group was older, 56+ years, p < 0.001, and had smaller burns but similar length of stay. Fifty percent of the 225 pavement group patients with full-thickness burns required skin grafts. There were 13 (6%) fatalities in the pavement group vs 1 (4%) in the MVC group, p = 0.01. Fatalities were secondary to sepsis, shock, cardiac, respiratory, or kidney complications. Compared to survivors, the non-survivors had a significantly higher % TBSA (10% vs 4%), p = 0.01, and lower Glasgow Coma Scores (10 vs 15), p = 0.002.ConclusionThere was a median 2 °F increase in ambient temperature since 1995. The increase in pavement burn admissions was multi-factorial: higher temperatures, population, and the number of older patients, with increased metropolis expansion, outreach, and urban heat indices. Pavement group was similar to the MVC group except for significantly older age and increased mortality. Morbidity associated with age contributed to increased mortality.
“…Al-Qattan (Saudi Arabia) [16] reported the highest percentage of injuries in the 15-55.99 years old age subset. The present study and the “other” , single case reports, [1, 15, 17, 18] had the highest percent of 56+ years old patients compared to the “Streets of Fire” [2] and Saudi Arabia [16] cases (Figure 5). Fig.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 46%
“…Alcoholism were noted in four patients in the Harrington [2]: three assaults/arrests, and one heat stroke case. The "Streets of Fire" article about Phoenix in 1995 [2] and the Al-Qattan article on Saudi Arabia in 2000 [16] had more than 10 cases each and were statistically compared separately from the “other”, <10 cases reports [1, 15, 17, 18] group. The majority of cases were diabetic and/or barefoot pedestrians, although there were a few case reports of seizures, and syncope.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Temperatures severe enough to contribute to burns from the environment have been reported, especially in heavily populated desert areas. The first accounts of pavement-street contact burns were the Arizona Burn Center case series of three motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) by Berens in 1970 [1], and the temperature and patient description in 1995 by Harrington et al [2]. Additional contact pavement burn reports from this center were on pediatric feet in 2006 [3], and seizures in 2007 [4].…”
BackgroundPavement-street contact burns are rare. This study compared recent contact burns to those published in “Pavement temperature and burns: Streets of Fire” in 1995. The hypothesis was that there were a significantly increased number of pavement-street burns, as a result of increased ambient temperatures, and that motor vehicle crash (MVC) contact burns were less severe than pavements-street burns.MethodsThis was a retrospective burn center registry study of naturally heated surface contact burns during May to September from 2016 to 2018. Statistical analyses were performed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Maximum Likelihood chi-squared for age, percent of total burn surface area (% TBSA), treatment, hospitalization, comorbidities, hospital charges, mortality, ambient, and surface temperatures (pavement, asphalt, rocks).ResultsIn the 1995 study, median ambient temperatures were 106 (range 100–113) °F compared to the 108 (range 86–119) °F highest noon temperature in the current study. No ambient temperature differences were recorded on days with pavement burn admissions compared to days without these admissions. There were 225 pavement, 27 MVC, 15 road rash, and 103 other contact burns. The major injuries in the pavement group were due to being “down” (unknown reason), falls, and barefoot. Compared to the others, the pavement group was older, 56+ years, p < 0.001, and had smaller burns but similar length of stay. Fifty percent of the 225 pavement group patients with full-thickness burns required skin grafts. There were 13 (6%) fatalities in the pavement group vs 1 (4%) in the MVC group, p = 0.01. Fatalities were secondary to sepsis, shock, cardiac, respiratory, or kidney complications. Compared to survivors, the non-survivors had a significantly higher % TBSA (10% vs 4%), p = 0.01, and lower Glasgow Coma Scores (10 vs 15), p = 0.002.ConclusionThere was a median 2 °F increase in ambient temperature since 1995. The increase in pavement burn admissions was multi-factorial: higher temperatures, population, and the number of older patients, with increased metropolis expansion, outreach, and urban heat indices. Pavement group was similar to the MVC group except for significantly older age and increased mortality. Morbidity associated with age contributed to increased mortality.
“…2 Victims of motor vehicle collisions, pedestrians and cyclists struck by motor vehicles, and patients suffering ground level falls can all be at risk for pavement burn injury. 4 Our regional burn center is affiliated with a level 1 Trauma Center, and we see a number of pavement burn injury admissions throughout the year, especially during the hotter summer months. These patients include those who did not realize the pavement was hot until it was too late, such as children and confused persons.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Patients at particular risk include children who are unaware of the hot pavement, diabetics with peripheral neuropathy who do not feel the significant heat, patients who become unconscious due to medical reasons, such as seizures, strokes, or intoxication, or trauma victims who are incapacitated on the ground. [3][4][5] As such, many patients suffering from pavement burns have concomitant medical or traumatic issues. Furthermore, pavement burns can cause significant morbidity compared with similarly sized percentage total body surface area (%TBSA) scald or flame burns and have been shown to increase the length of stay (LOS), total hospital costs, and the need for operative debridement when compared with other etiologies.…”
Pavement burns account for significant burn-related injuries in the Southwestern United States and other hot climates with nearly continuous sunlight and daily maximum temperatures above 100°F. At peak temperatures, pavement can be hot enough to cause second-degree burns in a matter of seconds. The goal of this study was to review pavement burn injury admissions at a desert burn center compared with maximum ambient temperatures to determine which temperatures correlated to an increase in burn admissions. We obtained ambient temperature data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. We reviewed our registry for 5 years retrospectively of all pavement burn injury admissions to our burn center. A total of 173 pavement-related burn cases were identified. We demonstrated an exponential increase in the rate of burn admissions as maximum ambient temperatures increased. More than 88% of pavement-related burn injury admissions occurred when the ambient temperature reached 95°F or higher. The risk per day was extrapolated based on the number of pavement burn injury admissions and the number of days at each of the maximum ambient temperatures recorded. The risk of pavement burns in areas of direct sunlight begins around 95°F and increases exponentially as ambient temperatures rise. This information will be used for burn outreach prevention and public health awareness programs. The benefit of this study relates to the entire community since high ambient temperatures put everyone at risk for hot pavement burns.
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