Thermal Analysis of Heat Transfer Enhancement and Fluid Flow for Low Concentration of Al2O3 Water - Ethylene Glycol Mixture Nanofluid in a Single PEMFC Cooling Plate

Zakaria, Irnie Azlin; Mohamed, Wan Ahmad Najmi Wan; Mamat, Aman Mohd Ihsan; Saidur, R.; Azmi, W.H.; Mamat, Rizalman; Sainan, Khairul Imran; Ismail, Hashimah

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2015.11.475

Cited by 29 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The higher concentration of SiO 2 nanofluids shows better improvement as the intensity of Brownian motion induced by nanoparticle movement increased. This is consistent with findings from other studies of nanofluids in mini channel application [22,24]. It is observed that an increment of 3.5 % is gained in 0.5 vol % concentration at re 400, while 0.3 and 0.1 vol % showed improvement of 2.6 % and 1.6 % respectively.…”

Section: Heat Transfer Enhancementsupporting

confidence: 92%

Numerical Analysis of SiO2 Nanofluid Performance in Serpentine PEMFC Cooling Plate

Zakaria¹,

Mohamed²,

Azmi³

2018

IJET

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Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is among the potential substitute to current conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) in the automotive sector due to its efficient conversion efficiency and environmental friendly. However, thermal management issues in PEMFC needs to be addressed as excessive heat in PEMFC can deteriorate its performance as well as causing dehydration to the membrane. In this study, an advanced coolant of SiO 2 nanofluids was numerically studied and effect in term of the heat transfer and fluid flow behavior in a single PEMFC cooling plate is investigated. The study simulated SiO 2 nanofluids in a serpentine PEMFC cooling plate. The simulation is conducted at a low volume concentrations of 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 % of SiO 2 in water and water: Ethylene Glycol (W:EG) of 60:40 as base fluids. In this serpentine cooling plate design of PEMFC, a constant heat flux is applied to mimic the actual application of PEMFC. Upon completion of the study, heat transfer and fluid flow shows that the heat transfer coefficient of 0.5 vol. % of SiO 2 nanofluids has improved by 3.5 % at Reynold (Re) number of 400 as compared to the base fluid of water with an acceptable pumping power increment.

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Section: Heat Transfer Enhancementsupporting

confidence: 92%

Numerical Analysis of SiO2 Nanofluid Performance in Serpentine PEMFC Cooling Plate

Zakaria¹,

Mohamed²,

Azmi³

2018

IJET

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“…Apart from the theoretical and fundamental study on nanofluids in PEM fuel cell, performance of nanofluids in a single PEM fuel cell cooling plate has also been reviewed both experimentally and numerically by Zakaria et al [35][36][37]. The study was conducted for 0.1-0.5% volume concentration of Al 2 O 3 nanofluids in 50:50 (water:EG) in a single cooling plate of PEM fuel cell which was subjected to a constant heat flux of 100 W to mimic the heat generated by the PEM fuel cell.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermo-electrical performance of PEM fuel cell using Al2O3 nanofluids

Zakaria

Mohamed

Azmi

et al. 2018

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

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Nanofluid adoption as an alternative coolant for Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cell is a new embarkation which hybridizes the nanofluids and PEM fuel cell studies. In this paper, findings on the thermo-electrical performance of a liquid-cooled PEM fuel cell with the adoption of Al 2 O 3 nanofluids were established. Thermo-physical properties of 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5% volume concentration of Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles dispersed in water and water: Ethylene glycol (EG) mixtures of 60:40 were measured and then adopted in PEM fuel cell as cooling medium. The result shows that the cooling rate improved up to 187% with the addition of 0.5% volume concentration of Al 2 O 3 nanofluids to the base fluid of water. This is due to the excellent thermal conductivity property of nanofluids as compared to the base fluid. However, there was a penalty of higher pressure drop and voltage drop experienced. Thermo electrical ratio (TER) and Advantage ratio (AR) were then established to evaluate the feasibility of Al 2 O 3 nanofluid adoption in PEM fuel cells in terms of both electrical and thermo-fluid performance considering all aspects including heat transfer enhancement, fluid flow and PEM fuel cell performance. Upon analysis of these two ratios, 0.1% volume concentration of Al 2 O 3 dispersed in water shows to be the most feasible nanofluid for adoption in a liquid-cooled PEM fuel cell.

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“…They are expected to reduce the size of PEMFC thermal management systems through heat transfer enhancement. In the last halfdecade, Zakaria et al 21,22 made experimental and numerical investigations into cooling a single plate of PEMFC using Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles suspended in WEG as the base fluid. The results showed that the thermal performance characteristics of the nanofluids were clearly enhanced by increasing the Al 2 O 3 concentration compared with the base fluid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation of the thermal performance of a radiator using various nanofluids for automotive PEMFC applications

et al. 2020

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Summary In the past decade, nanofluids have proven effective for heat transfer enhancement of many thermal engineering applications. This is due to their superior thermal performance characteristics compared with conventional coolants. Therefore, the adoption of nanofluids as alternative coolants in proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) cooling systems is considered a novel technology and a promising contributor to the solution of thermal management problems that are impeding the commercialization of automotive PEMFC engines. In this article, the thermal performance enhancement of a radiator was experimentally investigated through the addition of Zinc oxide (ZnO) and aluminum nitride (AlN) nanoparticles suspended in a 50/50 mixture of water and ethylene glycol (WEG) as the base fluid for automotive PEMFC cooling systems. The nanofluid concentrations of 0.2 wt% and 0.5 wt% from nanoparticles were used, and the inlet temperature range of the nanofluids was 50°C to 80°C. The experimental results indicate that the heat transfer rate and radiator effectiveness were improved with high flow rates of the base fluid and nanofluid. Furthermore, by increasing the mass concentration of nanoparticles, the heat transfer rate, overall heat transfer coefficient, and radiator effectiveness were enhanced. This can be explained by the significant enhancement of thermal conductivity and Brownian motion benefited from nanofluids. Compared with the base fluid, the heat transfer rate increased by 24.3% and 57.7% at concentrations of 0.2 wt% and 0.5 wt% ZnO nanoparticles, respectively, within the considered temperature range. Meanwhile, the AlN/WEG nanofluids enhancements achieved 15.3% and 30.7% at the same concentrations. In conclusion, the use of ZnO nanoparticles is strongly recommended for suspension in the WEG (50/50 v/v) mixture as a proper coolant for better performance of PEMFC‐based engines.

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Thermal Analysis of Heat Transfer Enhancement and Fluid Flow for Low Concentration of Al2O3 Water - Ethylene Glycol Mixture Nanofluid in a Single PEMFC Cooling Plate

Cited by 29 publications

References 11 publications

Numerical Analysis of SiO2 Nanofluid Performance in Serpentine PEMFC Cooling Plate

Numerical Analysis of SiO2 Nanofluid Performance in Serpentine PEMFC Cooling Plate

Thermo-electrical performance of PEM fuel cell using Al2O3 nanofluids

Experimental investigation of the thermal performance of a radiator using various nanofluids for automotive PEMFC applications

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