There Will Be Killing: Collectivization and Death of Draft Animals

Chen, Shuo; Lan, Xiaohuan

doi:10.1257/app.20160247

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This is unlikely not only because of the evidence we present in Section 4, but also due to the collectivization movement in 1952-1957 that completely eliminated private property rights (both usage and transfer rights) to any land and production assets soon after the Land Reform. To the extent that one could try to hide wealth and assets from being confiscated, it is primarily in the form of slaughtering cattle for one-off private consumption, and the estimated scale of such a behavior is rather low (Chen and Lan, 2017). A more plausible channel of avoiding confiscation during the two Revolutions was to transfer wealth overseas, mainly to Hong Kong and Taiwan.…”

Section: Alternative Channels Of Persistencementioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence Despite Revolutions

Alesina¹,

Seror²,

Yang³

et al. 2020

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Can efforts to eradicate inequality in wealth and education eliminate intergenerational persistence of socioeconomic status? The Chinese Communist Revolution in the 1950s and Cultural Revolution from 1966 to 1976 aimed to do exactly that. Using newly digitized archival records and contemporary census and household survey data, we show that the revolutions were effective in homogenizing the population economically in the short run. However, the pattern of inequality that characterized the pre-revolution generation re-emerges today. Almost half a century after the revolutions, individuals whose grandparents belonged to the pre-revolution elite earn 16 percent more and have completed more than 11 percent additional years of schooling than those from non-elite households. In addition, individuals with pre-revolution elite grandparents hold different values: they are less averse to inequality, more individualistic, more pro-market, and more likely to see hard work as critical to success. Through intergenerational transmission of values, socioeconomic conditions thus survived one of the most aggressive attempts to eliminate differences in the population and to foster mobility.

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Section: Alternative Channels Of Persistencementioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence Despite Revolutions

Alesina¹,

Seror²,

Yang³

et al. 2020

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“…The term "community farm" has various meanings depending on different times and regions. In former communist countries, communal (collective) farms were forced to form under the leadership of the central government [9,10], which is quite different from what we target. Our target is a farm that is jointly managed as a democratic economic entity by farmers within a community.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Formation Factors and Effects on Common Property Resource Conservation of Community Farms

Kitano

2020

Sustainability

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In recent decades, there has been a global debate over who should manage common property resources (CPRs) related to agriculture. Because rational and efficient farmers only work farmland with good conditions or leave for other industries, in areas where production conditions are poor, local resources that were once collectively maintained are no longer managed. The Japanese government has positioned community farms (CFs) as an important player in local agriculture and has been striving to develop them. This study clarifies whether the formation and development of these CFs are functioning effectively for the conservation of local resources. Specifically, we use the propensity score matching method to measure the average treatment effect of CF formation and development on CPR conservation activities and the prevention of cultivation abandonment. In particular, this study tests the hypothesis that farmers are reluctant to develop CFs extensively because their effects on CPR conservation are uncertain. The results show that at the early stage, the formation of CFs has a significantly positive effect on the promotion of CPR conservation, but its wide-area development is counterproductive to CPR management, suggesting that resourceful support is needed according to local conditions.

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“…These observations do not square with the view that an unchecked state was the Achilles' heel that hindered economic development in imperial China. This is not to say that an unchecked state is innocuous and indeed, there are grounds to be concerned about the dangers posed by a strengthened Chinese state with weak internal checks and balances, as the madness of the Great Leap Forward (1958)(1959)(1960)(1961)(1962) attests (Chen & Lan, 2016;Kung & Chen, 2011;Li & Yang, 2005;Meng et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The state in Chinese economic history

Qian

Sng

2021

Aust Econ Hist Rev

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We survey the recent economics and history literature on the Chinese state to investigate its role in China's long‐term socioeconomic development. We highlight three insights. First, unlike in Europe, where interstate competition helped give rise to capitalist states with high capacity, the Chinese state emerged from a different historical context. Second, the 18th‐ and 19th‐century Chinese state does not fit into the mould of a strong and extractive Oriental despotic state as once commonly believed. By conventional measures, early modern China had a weak state. Third, state building and centre‐local relations are two useful dimensions to understand development and change in China's recent history and political economy. To adapt China to a changing world, Chinese state builders embarked on a long process of state building from the late‐19th century through the Republican and Communist eras. Facilitated partly by regional decentralisation, the process now sees the Chinese state playing a substantially larger role in the economy and everyday life than any previous time in history.

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There Will Be Killing: Collectivization and Death of Draft Animals

Cited by 14 publications

References 27 publications

Persistence Despite Revolutions

Persistence Despite Revolutions

Formation Factors and Effects on Common Property Resource Conservation of Community Farms

The state in Chinese economic history

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