Therapeutic Properties of Mushrooms in Managing Adverse Effects in the Metabolic Syndrome

Kundaković, Tatjana; Kolundžić, Marina

doi:10.2174/15680266113136660196

Cited by 28 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…For prebiotics from foods to have their beneficial effects they should not be structurally changed by food-processing conditions, such as heat and microwaves. Mushrooms and mushroom-derived polysaccharides, illustrated in Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , have been shown to have therapeutic properties against metabolic syndrome, which is characterized by obesity, hyperglycemia associated with diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertension [ 2 , 3 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mushroom Polysaccharides: Chemistry and Antiobesity, Antidiabetes, Anticancer, and Antibiotic Properties in Cells, Rodents, and Humans

Friedman

2016

Foods

258

150

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More than 2000 species of edible and/or medicinal mushrooms have been identified to date, many of which are widely consumed, stimulating much research on their health-promoting properties. These properties are associated with bioactive compounds produced by the mushrooms, including polysaccharides. Although β-glucans (homopolysaccharides) are believed to be the major bioactive polysaccharides of mushrooms, other types of mushroom polysaccharides (heteropolysaccharides) also possess biological properties. Here we survey the chemistry of such health-promoting polysaccharides and their reported antiobesity and antidiabetic properties as well as selected anticarcinogenic, antimicrobial, and antiviral effects that demonstrate their multiple health-promoting potential. The associated antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulating activities in fat cells, rodents, and humans are also discussed. The mechanisms of action involve the gut microbiota, meaning the polysaccharides act as prebiotics in the digestive system. Also covered here are the nutritional, functional food, clinical, and epidemiological studies designed to assess the health-promoting properties of polysaccharides, individually and as blended mixtures, against obesity, diabetes, cancer, and infectious diseases, and suggestions for further research. The collated information and suggested research needs might guide further studies needed for a better understanding of the health-promoting properties of mushroom polysaccharides and enhance their use to help prevent and treat human chronic diseases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mushroom Polysaccharides: Chemistry and Antiobesity, Antidiabetes, Anticancer, and Antibiotic Properties in Cells, Rodents, and Humans

Friedman

2016

Foods

258

150

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“…The prices of forest products are higher than that of other food ingredients, and little is known about their utilization. In a study using mushrooms, one of the representative clinical products, mushrooms had anti-obesity and antidiabetic properties [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. There are not many dishes that use mushrooms as the main ingredient, but we obtained high satisfaction ratings from the participants for the mushroom-containing dishes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recent study, forest products that lower insulin resistance have been reported, such as acorn and sago, making them highly useful for diets for patients with diabetes or metabolic diseases. In addition, mushrooms have been shown to have anti-obesity and antidiabetic properties [ 2 , 3 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Time-Restricted Diet on Sleep and Metabolism in Obese Volunteers

et al. 2020

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Background and objectives: A time-restricted diet is one of the various ways to improve metabolic condition and weight control. However, until now, there have been few pieces of evidence and research to verify the methods and effectiveness of time-restricted diets on metabolic improvement and health promoting. We designed this study to make a healthy diet program and to verify the effectiveness of a time-restricted diet on general health, including sleep and metabolism, in healthy volunteers. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in healthy adults who are obese but do not have related metabolic disease. Fifteen participants were recruited. Before and after this program, serologic tests including ketone level, questionnaires—daytime sleepiness evaluation such as the Epworth sleepiness scale and the Stanford sleepiness scale, the Korean version of the Pittsburgh sleep questionnaire index, STOP BANG to evaluate sleep apnea, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale for emotion/sleep—and polysomnography (PSG) were conducted to evaluate the effects on sleep of the program. They were divided into two groups based on ketone levels that could reflect the constancy of participation in this study. We analyzed the before and after results of each group. Results: Fifteen participants (nine males and six females) completed this program without significant adverse events. Body weight after this program decreased to 78.2 ± 14.1 from 82.0 ± 15.6 kg (p = 0.539), and BMI decreased to 27.9 ± 3.8 from 29.3 ± 4.6 kg/m2 (p = 0.233). Weight loss was observed in 14 subjects except 1 participant. The results from questionnaires before and after this were not significant changes. They were classified into high/low-ketone groups according to the ketone level of the participants. In the results of the PSG, the apnea hypopnea index (25.27 ± 12.67→15.11 ± 11.50/hr, p = 0.25) and oxygen desaturation (18.43 ± 12.79→10.69 ± 10.0/hr, p = 0.004), which are indicators of sleep apnea, also improved in the high-ketone group, compared with the low-ketone group. Satisfaction interviews for this restricted diet program showed that 86% of the participants were willing to participate in the same program again. Conclusion: The time-restricted diet was successful in weight loss for a period of 4 weeks in obese participants, which did not affect the efficiency and architecture of sleep. In addition, successful weight loss and significant improvement of sleep apnea were showed in the high-ketone group. Further research is needed to demonstrate mechanisms for weight loss, sleep apnea, and time-restricted diets.

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“…Body weights of mice in treated groups decreased from the control or the dexamethasone groups indicating that the consumption of T. clypeatus has changed body weight of animals during the period of the study. Mushrooms and mushroom-derived polysaccharides, have been shown to have therapeutic properties against metabolic syndrome, which is characterized by obesity, hyperglycemia associated with diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertension [24][25][26]. This was attributed to their anti-hypercholesteremic effects which result in body weight.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities of termite associated fungi, Termitomyces clypeatus R. Heim (Lyophyllaceae, Basidiomycota)

et al. 2018

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Background: Termitomyces clypeatus (T. clypeatus) is an edible mushroom specie which grows in various areas in Cameroon. It is indicated by several healers in treatment of several infectionsand is frequently used for this purpose. However, no study has been reported on its antibacterial and immunomodulatory activities which were the aim of this study. Methods: Disc diffusion method was used to appreciate the bactericidal activity against 4 bacteria and 2 yeast species. The immunomodulatory activities were assessed in mice, where the extract was administered by gavage and as supplement in the feed. The treatment was done for 10 days. Delayed type hypersensitivity test was carried out to assess the cell mediated immune response while the effect on humoral immunity was evaluated using hemagglutination assay and mice lethality test.. The body weight was also recorded in mice used for delayed hypersensitivity. Results: It was found that extract of T. clypeatus highly inhibited the growth of bacteria and yeast at different ratios compared to the medium (P < 0.05). The extract of T. clypeatus has reversed the immunosuppressed effects of dexamethasone on antibody formation. In addition, it significantly decreased of the mice lethality rate in mice infected by Pasteurella multocida (P < 0.05). Administration of T. clypeatus also significantly increased the delayed type hypersensitivity response in healthy and dexamethasone immunosuppressed mice (P < 0.05), but it significantly reduced the body weight of mice after 10 days. Conclusion: The results provided basic information demonstrating the antibacterial activity and immunostimulatory activity of T. clypeatus on both cell-mediated and humoral immunity.

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Therapeutic Properties of Mushrooms in Managing Adverse Effects in the Metabolic Syndrome

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

Mushroom Polysaccharides: Chemistry and Antiobesity, Antidiabetes, Anticancer, and Antibiotic Properties in Cells, Rodents, and Humans

Mushroom Polysaccharides: Chemistry and Antiobesity, Antidiabetes, Anticancer, and Antibiotic Properties in Cells, Rodents, and Humans

The Impact of Time-Restricted Diet on Sleep and Metabolism in Obese Volunteers

Assessment of antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities of termite associated fungi, Termitomyces clypeatus R. Heim (Lyophyllaceae, Basidiomycota)

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