Therapeutic play: preparing the child for the vaccine

Abstract

Objective:To identify and compare behaviors of children during vaccination, who were prepared or not for the procedure using an instructional therapeutic play.Methods:A quasi experimental study, with quantitative approach of 60 children aged 3 to 6 years. The child's reactions were recorded in a checklist. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and Fisher's test.Results:The main reactions in the experimental group were stay still (25;83%) and spontaneously collaborate (24;80%). In the control group, the main reactions were cries and cling to parents (15; 50%), flushing (11;36.67%) and moving the body/agitated (10;33.3%).Conclusion:The reactions of cooperation were more frequent in the experimental group, while low acceptance was observed only in the control group. Therapeutic play has proved an important tool in preparing for the vaccine.

O uso do brinquedo terapêutico na administração por inalação em pré-escolares

“…Estudos sobre a aplicação do BT por enfermeiros têm se destacado com a população infantil [13][14][15][16][17][18] . Evidenciam o uso do lúdico para minimizar o desgaste provocado por agravos como o câncer, diabetes e outras doenças crônica [13][14][15] , e no preparo para procedimentos como punção venosa, administração de medicamentos, vacinas e procedimentos cirúrgicos [16][17][18] . Tornando estratégia facilitadora na interação da tríade família/criança/profissionais da saúde durante a assistência de enfermagem 1,2 .…”

“…Para avaliar a reação dos pré-escolares, foi elaborado um check-list com base em estudos que focalizavam a punção venosa, administração de vacinas e o preparo cirúrgico para avaliação de comportamentos por meio do BT 18,19,20 . Foi realizada a validação de face e conteúdo deste instrumento, por três juízes, com experiência na área da assistência a criança.…”

Supported Self-Care Actions for Children and Teenagers With Chronic Diseases

“…The clarification, preparation and support to children about the disease and painful procedures can be performed using the Therapeutic Toy, as used in a study 19 in which children who experienced this technique before being vaccinated had greater acceptance of the procedure. Another resource that could facilitate pediatric consultations with these children could be performing them in groups, which would allow the clarification of more frequent doubts and the exchange of information between caregivers, mediated by the PHC health team.…”

Application program to prepare child/family for venipuncture: experience report

“…The technique favors the control of the situation by the child, once he/she "shifts from passive to dominant role, takes control and has freedom to express him/herself" in critical events (5) . It is important to mention that the TT stimulates the child to collaborate with the procedure, since he/she presents feelings symbolically connected to anxiety due to lack of knowledge of the therapeutic process phases (6) , what reinforces the relevance of previously explaining what will be done (7) . Similarly, when realizing that the child is more relaxed about the preparation for the procedures, the parents become calmer, safer and more confident about the nursing team (5) .…”