Theoretical Models of Electrostatic Confinement Experiments*

Klevans, E.H.

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1975.tb00091.x

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Imel [25] and Black and Klevans [26] developed theoretical models of the electrostatic potential profile and electron and ion density profiles, using distribution functions tailored to various experimental conditions. They analysed three cases [27] (i) Ion beam injection at very low pressures (the Hirsch experiment). They concluded that multiple deep potential wells would probably not form under the conditions of the Hirsch experiment.…”

Section: Electrostatic Plasma Confinementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These diocotron oscillations play a beneficial role by removing cold trapped electrons from the anode region, where they would broaden the width w of the electron density distribution and increase A$. The instability growth rate is small if q <0.2, which is equivalent to the condition that n, s (2 X 10' ' m-3)B: (27) where B, is the magnetic induction in the gap (T). Thus, as n, decreases well below this limiting value, the short-wavelength diocotron instability turns off.…”

Section: Diocotron Oscillationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(4) The anode region electron density remained below the short-wavelength diocotron limit of equation (27). Sugisaki [127] showed that the application of electrostatic fields to a magnetically confined plasma prolonged the plasma decay time.…”

Section: Spindle Cusps and Mirrorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnetic electrostatic plasma confinement

Dolan¹

1994

Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion

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Electrostatic plasma confinement and magnetic electrostatic plasma confinement (MEPC) have been studied for four decades. The multiple potential well hypothesis, postulated to explain high neutron yields from Hinch's colliding beam experiment, has been supported by several pieces of evidence, but results were inconclusive. Magnetic shielding of the grid was developed to reduce the required beam current and to prevent grid overheating. Electrostatic plugging of magnetic cusps evolved to a similar confipuration. Due to low budgets, early MEPC experiments used spindle cusps, which are poor for plasma confinement. Later experiments used multipole cusps or a linear set of ring cusps, which have larger volnmes of field-free plasma. To keep the self-shielding voltage drop A+ S 100 kV, the electron density n, in the anode gap should be less than about 10'9m-3. The central plasma density can be an order of magnitude higher. The ATOLL toroidal quadrupole had anomalous electron energy transport, but the Jupiter-2M linear set of ring cusps achieved a transport rate about a factor of two above the classical rate. With near-classical transport, a power gain ratio Q = 1 0 is predicted for a reactor with r p = 3 m , B,=6T, and applied voltage + , =400 kV. Besides producing electricity and synthetic fuels, MEPC reactors could be used for heavy ion beams sources and neutIon generators. The main issues of concern for MEPC reactor development are electron transport, plasma purity and electrode alignment and voltage holding.= 100 kV, zP = 0.1 s and d = 0.001 m, this equation gives R > 2.5 m. E y r e 7. Cutaway view of a few grid wires with currents flowing out (+) and into (-) the plane of the drawing. The ellipses represent magnetic field lines.

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Section: Electrostatic Plasma Confinementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Diocotron Oscillationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnetic electrostatic plasma confinement

Dolan¹

1994

Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion

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Reactor Confinement Theory and IEC Reactor Visions

Miley

Murali²

2013

Inertial Electrostatic Confinement (IEC) Fusion

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Electron density and two-channel neutron emission measurements in steady-state spherical inertial-electrostatically confined plasmas, with review of the one-dimensional kinetic model

Dobson

Hrbud

2004

Journal of Applied Physics

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Electron density measurements have been made in steady-state plasmas in a spherical inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC) discharge using microwave interferometry. Plasma cores interior to two cathodes, having diameters of 15 and 23 cm, respectively, were probed over a transverse range of 10 cm with a spatial resolution of about 1.4 cm for buffer gas pressures from 0.2 to 6 Pa in argon and deuterium. The transverse profiles are generally flat, in some cases with eccentric symmetric minima, and give mean densities of from ≈0.4 to 7×1010 cm−3, the density generally increasing with the neutral gas pressure. Numerical solutions of the one-dimensional Poisson equation for IEC plasmas are reviewed and energy distribution functions are identified which give flat transverse profiles. These functions are used with the plasma approximation to obtain solutions which also give densities consistent with the measurements, and a double potential well solution is obtained which has minima qualitatively similar to those observed. Explicit consideration is given to the compatibility of the solutions interior and exterior to the cathode, and to grid transparency. Deuterium fusion neutron emission rates were also measured and found to be isotropic, to within the measurement error, over two simultaneous directions. Anisotropy was observed in residual emissions during operation with nonfusing hydrogen-1. The deuterium rates are consistent with predictions from the model. 2004 American Institute of Physics.

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Theoretical Models of Electrostatic Confinement Experiments*

Cited by 5 publications

References 14 publications

Magnetic electrostatic plasma confinement

Magnetic electrostatic plasma confinement

Reactor Confinement Theory and IEC Reactor Visions

Electron density and two-channel neutron emission measurements in steady-state spherical inertial-electrostatically confined plasmas, with review of the one-dimensional kinetic model

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