Theoretical justification of design and technological parameters of hulling machine main working bodies

Abstract

For many years, the Kazan State Agrarian University has been engaged in research to find new highly effective technical solutions for processing seeds of various crops in the conditions of agricultural producers. One of these developments is a machine for removing the husk from the seed of the aeromechanical type. A distinctive feature of these machines is using in the design an additional working body, made in the form of a mesh confusor, located on the exhaust pipe of the fan-thrower. The aim of the work is mathematical modeling of the movement of achenes in the working areas of aeromechanical devices. The study uses the positions of gas dynamics and analytical geometry. The size and direction of the air flow in the working areas of the seed material are influenced by the geometric parameters of the main working bodies. According to the mathematical solutions, it can be seen that the components of the air flow velocity in the transverse and longitudinal directions change along the length of the confusor. And to determine the parameters of the movement of the achene in the working areas of machines for removing the husk from aeromechanical seeds, it is necessary to know the physical, mechanical and technological properties of seeds, the parameters of the air flow, as well as the structural and technological parameters of the surfaces of the main working bodies. The resulting mathematical models describe the movement of the seed air mixture in the working area, with a numerical solution on a computer you can get a graphical image of the trajectory of the movement of seeds in the confusor, which allows to build a nomogram for calculating the parameters of the confusor and segment, thus justifying the main design and technological parameters of the machine for removing the husk from the seed of the aeromechanical type.

Substantiating the rational parameters and operation modes for the hemp seed centrifugal dehuller

“…Our review of the literature [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] established the absence of universal technical and technological solutions that would enable the efficiency of dehulling seeds with different physical and mechanical properties. That is, the dehulling of different types of seeds requires special approaches and technical solutions, which take into account differences in the unique properties of the seed (size, hardness of the shell, structure, etc.…”

“…Based on the analysis of [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22], it was noted that centrifugal dehullers are the most promising mechanisms for dehulling industrial hemp seeds. The seeds in such devices acquire the necessary value of kinetic energy and fall with one targeted impact on the tray.…”

Substantiation of the Parameters of Vacuum Pumping Facilities With a Pulsing Active Flow

“…Основная задача агропромышленного комплекса -производство качественной сельскохозяйственной продукции, которое в современных условиях невозможно без механизации технологических процессов [1,2,3]. Исследования по поиску эффективных технических решений для их совершенствования ведутся постоянно [4,5,6].…”

“…(5) где p* -полное давление газа, Па; uкоэффициент эжекции, m2/m1; m2 -масса газа на выходе эжектор, кг; m1 -масса газа на входе эжектор, кг; q -отношение температур в эжекторе; a -геометрический коэффициент α = F1/F2; F1 -выходная площадь активного сопла, м2; F2 -выходная площадь пассивного сопла; м2; q(l) -газодинамическая функция расхода. С учетом этого уравнение ( 4) примет следующий вид: (6) Эта формула дает возможность описать и рассмотреть все процессы при использовании вакуумных эжекторов с пульсатором.…”