The Zinc Violet and its Colonization by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

Yield and arsenate uptake of arbuscular mycorrhizal tomato colonized by Glomus mosseae BEG167 in As spiked soil under glasshouse conditions

“…Thus, the plants were more sensitive to As than was the AM fungus and the relatively high colonization rates suggest some metal tolerance by the AM fungus. There have been numerous reports of metal tolerant AM fungi in heavy metal polluted soils (Gildon and Tinker, 1983;Hildebrandt et al, 1999;Weissenhorn et al, 1995). High concentrations of heavy metals such as Cd in soil can inhibit mycorrhizal colonization (Gildon and Tinker, 1983).…”

The role of arbuscular mycorrhiza in zinc uptake by red clover growing in a calcareous soil spiked with various quantities of zinc

“…Some studies have shown a positive impact of infection by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the resistance of the host plants to Zn contamination of soils (Heggo et al, 1990;Hetrick et al, 1994;Zhu et al, 2001). The widespread existence of AM fungi in metal contaminated sites has also provided evidence of adaptation and tolerance of microorganisms to toxic metals (Shetty et al, 1995;Pawlowska et al, 1996), and metal tolerant fungi have been isolated (Raman et al, 1993;Griffioen, 1994;Weissenhorn et al, 1993Weissenhorn et al, , 1994Hildebrandt et al, 1999). The feasibility of employing AM in soil re-vegetation and remediation has elicited great interest, and numerous studies have focused on the functions of AM fungi in metal-contaminated soils (Vangronsveld et al, 1996;Leyval et al, 1997;Khan et al, 2000).…”

Uptake of cadmium from an experimentally contaminated calcareous soil by arbuscular mycorrhizal maize ( Zea mays L.)

“…Although the initial plant colonizers of heavy metal-contaminated sites are often species tolerant to extreme conditions and tend to be nonmycorrhizal (Shetty et al 1994), they may increase soil organic matter content, modify the soil microclimate and promote conditions conducive to the establishment of species with stronger mycorrhizal dependence . Mycorrhizas have recently been reported in plants growing on heavy metal-contaminated sites (Shetty et al 1995;Weissenhorn and Leyval 1995;Pawlowska et al 1996;Chaudhry et al 1999), and metal-tolerant fungal strains have been isolated (Griffioen 1994;Weissenhorn et al 1993Weissenhorn et al , 1994Hildebrandt et al 1999). Alleviation of heavy metal phytotoxicity by arbuscular mycorrhiza has been indicated in several studies (Schüepp et al 1987;Heggo et al 1990;Zhu et al 2001;Chen et al 2003).…”