Yield and arsenate uptake of arbuscular mycorrhizal tomato colonized by Glomus mosseae BEG167 in As spiked soil under glasshouse conditions

Abstract

A glasshouse pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) colonization by Glomus mosseae BEG167 on the yield and arsenate uptake of tomato plants in soil experimentally contaminated with five As levels (0, 25, 50, 75 and 150 mg kg À 1 ). Mycorrhizal colonization (50 -70% of root length) was little affected by As application and declined only in soil amended with 150 mg As kg À 1 . Mycorrhizal colonization increased plant biomass at As application rates of 25, 50 and 75 mg kg À 1 . Shoot As concentration increased with increasing As addition up to 50 mg kg À 1 but decreased with mycorrhizal colonization at As addition rates of 75 and 150 mg kg À 1 . Shoot As uptake increased with mycorrhizal colonization at most As addition levels studied, but tended to decrease with addition of 150 mg As kg À 1 . Total P uptake by mycorrhizal plants was elevated at As rates of 25, 50 and 75 mg kg À 1 , and more P was allocated to the roots of mycorrhizal plants. Mycorrhizal plants had higher shoot and root P/As ratios at higher As application rates than did non-mycorrhizal controls. The soil of inoculated treatments had higher available As than uninoculated controls, and higher pH values at As addition levels of 25, 50 and 75 mg kg À 1 . Mycorrhizal colonization may have increased plant resistance to potential As toxicity at the highest level of As contamination studied. Mycorrhizal tomato plants may have potential for phytoextraction of As from moderately contaminated soils or phytostabilization of more highly polluted sites. D

The Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Rhizophagus intraradices Reduces the Negative Effects of Arsenic on Soybean Plants

“…However, the As concentration that affected this fungus colonization was markedly lower than that previously observed to affect Glomus mosseae growth in soil [29,30]. Gildon and Tinker [31] found that the occurrence of toxic elements in the soil can inhibit mycorrhizal colonization, but Smith et al [10] established that the presence of As does not reduce the percentage of root colonization.…”

“…However, mycorrhizae altered this relation since AM fungi inoculation reduced to one third the As accumulated in roots, as well as the As accumulated in leaves (although less markedly). Other authors have recorded lower As concentrations on mycorrhized plants such as maize [29], tomato [31], lentil [35], clover [36], sunflower [37], rye grass and white clover [38], and plants growing on As-contaminated areas [26]. They have stated different hypotheses: (i) mycorrhizal inoculation improves the plant yield and causes a dilution effect in the As concentration; (ii) AM fungi hyphae exhibit a great variety of free groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, and amino acids, which could bind to As, retaining it in the fungal tissues and reducing the As intake by roots.…”

Arsenic Accumulation and Speciation in Maize as Affected by Inoculation with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Glomus mosseae

“…Their capacity to enhance the tolerance of host plants to As contamination in soil has been addressed (7,8). AM fungi have also been reported to reduce plant uptake of As such as by the fern Pteris vittata L (9), lentil (10), alfalfa (11), tomato (12), and sunflower (13). Considering the interactions between AM fungi with soil microorganisms in the rhizosphere and their influence on plant uptake of nutrition such as P, we speculated that AM fungi might influence As speciation in soil and plant growth in As contaminated soil.…”

The symbiosis between Nicotiana tabacum and the endomycorrhizal fungus Funneliformis mosseae increases the plant glutathione level and decreases leaf cadmium and root arsenic contents

“…Thus, AMmycorrhized plants often show an enhanced metal(loid) tolerance (Garg and Bhandari, 2014;G€ ohre and Paszkowski, 2006, and references therein). However, the role of these fungi in the plant uptake and translocation of Cd is not clear, as it is influenced by many factors (Garg and Bhandari, 2014;Janou skov a et al, 2005), and there are few data on As, particularly as regards nonhyperaccumulator plants (Hua et al, 2009;Liu et al, 2005). In the As-hyperaccumulator fern Pteris vittata, hosting the AM symbiosis with Glomus mosseae (now renamed Funneliformis mosseae, see the M&M subsection 2.1.…”