The Western dietary pattern is associated with increased serum concentrations of free estradiol in postmenopausal women: implications for breast cancer prevention

Sánchez-Zamorano, Luisa María; Flores-Luna, Lourdes; Ángeles-Llerenas, Angélica; Ortega-Olvera, Carolina; Lazcano‐Ponce, Eduardo; Romieu, Isabelle; Mainero-Ratchelous, Fernando; Torres-Mejı́a, Gabriela

doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2016.04.008

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…However, when data were stratified by menopausal status, results were non-significant. A recent study in Mexico supports the role of western dietary pattern in the serum concentration of free estradiol 71 , in particular, a diet with high content of chicken eggs and meat, which can therefore increase the risk of BC.…”

Section: Dietary Patternsmentioning

confidence: 81%

The Role of Diet, Physical Activity, Body Fatness, and Breastfeeding in Breast Cancer in Young Women: Epidemiological Evidence

Romieu

Amadou

Chajès

2017

RIC

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The incidence of breast cancer (BC) is rising worldwide, with an increase in aggressive neoplasias in young women. Traditionally, BC in young women has been thought to be etiologically driven, primarily by genetic/hereditary factors. However, these factors explain only a small proportion of BCs, pointing to a role of the environment. Suspected factors responsible for this increase include lifestyle changes, notably alcohol consumption, diet with high intake of refined carbohydrates and saturated fat and low intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), fiber and vitamins (such as folate, vitamin D, and carotenoids), low physical activity, and body fatness, all of which may act from childhood and adolescent years through adulthood. Despite limited data on BC in young women, evidence points to the importance of a healthy lifestyle, including high intake of vegetables, fruits, legumes, fish, and poultry, low intake of sugar and fat, daily physical activity, low alcohol consumption, steady weight, and breastfeeding in preventing BC in young women. Preventive efforts should begin in early life to provide important benefits much later in life by shifting the long-term trajectory of risk accumulation. Data from Latin America and developing regions are still sparse. There is a need to harmonize studies in a global effort to fight the rise of BC incidence in low-and middle-income countries, where the nutritional transition is occurring rapidly. The stratification of BC by specific tumor characteristics needs to be considered since risk factors may be more particularly associated with the promotion of, or protection from, a defined type of BC.

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Section: Dietary Patternsmentioning

confidence: 81%

The Role of Diet, Physical Activity, Body Fatness, and Breastfeeding in Breast Cancer in Young Women: Epidemiological Evidence

Romieu

Amadou

Chajès

2017

RIC

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“…The initial search resulted in 136 articles, of which 102 articles were excluded at the title and abstract level. Thirty-four full-length articles were selected for further evaluation and 18 of these were excluded for the following reasons: examined diet as a predictor of breast density not cancer (n=3) (24)(25)(26), the combined effect of diet and physical activity was studied (n=2) (27,28), statistical methods other than those specified in our inclusion criteria were used (n=2) (29,30), and evaluated various forms of vegetarian diet (derived without using any dietary index or factor analysis) (n=1) (31), hormone levels rather than diet were studied (n=3) (32)(33)(34), the effect of diet on breast cancer markers at the molecular level were studied (n=5) (35)(36)(37)(38)(39), assessed the dietary intake of women during their adolescent years (n=1) (40), used an average/reference dietary pattern to derive the risk estimates (n=1) (41), one paper was identified by hand searching the selected articles (42). This resulted in the selection of 17 original research studies published between January 2013 and May 2017 (42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51)(52)(53)(54)(55)(56)(57)(58), where 13 of these used the posteriori approach while 2 of the 13 also included an a priori approach to identify dietary patterns.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Patterns and Breast Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review

et al. 2018

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“…Sánchez-Zamorano et al. conducted a more recent cross-sectional study in 2016 on dietary patterns and estradiol levels, and found that women who adhered to a more Western diet, including increased intakes of red meat and eggs, had higher estradiol levels ( 26 ). Red meat and eggs are sources of dietary cholesterol, a precursor for endogenous estrogens, providing a possible explanation for why the Western diet may be associated with increased estrogen levels ( 26 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Diet and Exercise on Endogenous Estrogens and Subsequent Breast Cancer Risk in Postmenopausal Women

et al. 2021

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Endogenous estrogens have been associated with overall breast cancer risk, particularly for postmenopausal women, and ways to reduce these estrogens have served as a primary means to decrease overall risk. This narrative review of clinical studies details how various nutritional and exercise lifestyle interventions have been used to modify estrogen levels and metabolism to provide a protective impact against breast cancer incidence. We also summarized the evidence supporting the efficacy of interventions, outcomes of interest and identified emerging research themes. A systematic PubMed MEDLINE search identified scholarly articles or reviews published between 2000-2020 that contained either a cohort, cross-sectional, or interventional study design and focused on the relationships between diet and/or exercise and overall levels of different forms of estrogen and breast cancer risk and occurrence. Screening and data extraction was undertaken by two researchers. Data synthesis was narrative due to the heterogeneous nature of studies. A total of 1625 titles/abstracts were screened, 198 full texts reviewed; and 43 met eligibility criteria. Of the 43 studies, 28 were randomized controlled trials, and 15 were observational studies. Overall, studies that incorporated both diet and exercise interventions demonstrated better control of detrimental estrogen forms and levels and thus likely represent the best strategies for preventing breast cancer development for postmenopausal women. Some of the strongest associations included weight loss via diet and diet + exercise interventions, reducing alcohol consumption, and consuming a varied dietary pattern, similar to the Mediterranean diet. More research should be done on the effects of specific nutritional components on endogenous estrogen levels to understand the effect that the components have on their own and in combination within the diet.

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The Western dietary pattern is associated with increased serum concentrations of free estradiol in postmenopausal women: implications for breast cancer prevention

Cited by 11 publications

References 59 publications

The Role of Diet, Physical Activity, Body Fatness, and Breastfeeding in Breast Cancer in Young Women: Epidemiological Evidence

The Role of Diet, Physical Activity, Body Fatness, and Breastfeeding in Breast Cancer in Young Women: Epidemiological Evidence

Dietary Patterns and Breast Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review

The Effects of Diet and Exercise on Endogenous Estrogens and Subsequent Breast Cancer Risk in Postmenopausal Women

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