The WARP Code: Modeling High Intensity Ion Beams

Abstract

Abstract. The Warp co de, d evelo pe d for heavy -ion d riven iner tial fusion energy s t u dies, is u se d to m o d el high inte n sity ion (an d electro n) bea m s. Significant ca pa bility h a s bee n incor por a te d in War p, allowing n early all sectio n s of a n accelerator to be m o dele d, beginning with t he sou rce. Warp ha s a s its core a n explicit, t h ree -di me n sio nal, p a r ticle -in -cell m o del. Alongside t his is a rich se t of tools for d escribing t h e a p plied field s of t h e accelerator lattice, a n d e m be d de d con d uc ting s urfaces (which are ca p t u re d at s u b -grid resolu tio n). Also incor pora te d are m o dels with re d uce d di me nsionality: a n axisy m me t ric m o d el a n d a tra n sverse "slice" m o del. The code take s a dva ntage of m o de r n p rogra m ming tech niq ues, inclu ding o bject orie nta tion, p a r allelis m, a n d scripting (via Pytho n). It is a t t he forefro n t in t h e u se of t he co m p u ta tional tec hnique of a da p tive m e s h refine me n t, which ha s bee n p a r ticularly s uccessf ul in t h e area of diode a n d injector m o deling, bot h stea dy -st ate a n d timed e p e n de n t. In t he p r e se n ta tio n, so me of t he m ajor a s pects of War p will be overviewe d, especially t h o se t h a t co uld be u sef ul in m o d eling ECR so urces. Warp ha s bee n be nc h m a r ke d against bot h t heo ry a n d ex peri me n t. Recen t re sults will be p re se n te d s howing good agree me nt of War p with experi me n tal res ults fro m t he STS500 injector test s ta n d. Additional infor ma tion ca n be fou n d on t he web p age h t t p: / / hif.lbl.gov / t h eo ry /WARP_su m m a ry.ht ml.

Comparison of extraction and beam transport simulations with emittance measurements from the ECR ion source venus

“… To create a design tool for future ECR extraction systems. The work described here represents the current status of a long-term effort to create a highly adaptable, advanced simulation code utilizing the well-established PIC (particle-in-cell) code WARP [5]. [4].…”

Research and development toward heavy ion driven inertial fusion energy

“…Particle-in-cell (PIC) codes for beam and beam-plasma interaction have both guided and been validated by comparison to the above experiments [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. Computational tools were developed for the self-consistent modeling of the beams (and plasma if present) subject to the externally applied focusing field, acceleration field, self-field of the beam, as well as the fields from induced image-charge and currents.…”

“…Computational tools were developed for the self-consistent modeling of the beams (and plasma if present) subject to the externally applied focusing field, acceleration field, self-field of the beam, as well as the fields from induced image-charge and currents. The WARP code [27][28][29] was specifically developed for heavy-ion IFE beam studies and has been used extensively for support of intense ion-beam experiments. The LSP code [30] employs a variety of plasma models and has also played an important role.…”

Initial Self-Consistent 3D Electron-Cloud Simulations of the LHC Beam with the Codewarp+Posinst

“…As part of our R&D program, we are developing a selfconsistent 3-D electron-cloud code based on the merge [1] of WARP [2] and POSINST [3]. Our merged code, with the provisional name of WARP+POSINST, is being actively validated via methodical comparisons against experiments at the HCX.…”

“…The HCX is primarily dedicated to beam dynamics studies of space-charged dominated heavyion beams. Although beam transport at the HCX has been analyzed for some time with the code WARP [2], the new hardware and instrumentation allows adding electrons in a more-or-less controllable way, and measuring various features of the electron, gas, or ion densities, in addition to the beam phase space.…”