The Visual Analog Scale in Multiple‐Dose Evaluations of Analgesics

Quiding, Hans; Oksala, E; Happonen, Risto‐Pekka; Lehtimäki, Kimmo; Ojala, Tarmo

doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1981.tb01744.x

Cited by 39 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…by using AUC to estimate total pain relief, or TOTPAR, 2930 or by calculating a pain reduction index per tablet). 31 Our design, in contrast, follows the widely accepted clinical practice of anticipating and treating pain before it occurs, which, in our unit at least, has long been considered best practice. Furthermore, rescue medication was readily available and those requiring it were evenly distributed between the groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined acetaminophen and ibuprofen for pain relief after oral surgery in adults: a randomized controlled trial

Merry

Gibbs

Edwards³

et al. 2010

British Journal of Anaesthesia

102

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BackgroundAcetaminophen is often used with a non-steriodal anti-inflammatory drug for acute pain. Hitherto, these drugs have had to be given separately, typically at different time intervals. Maxigesic® tablets combine acetaminophen and ibuprofen in clinically appropriate doses to simplify administration and dosage regimen. We compared this combination with each of the constituent drugs for the relief of pain after extraction of third molar teeth.MethodsAdults (more than 16 yr) having one or more wisdom teeth removed under general or local anaesthesia were instructed to take two tablets before operation, then two tablets every 6 h for up to 48 h of: (i) a combination of acetaminophen 500 mg and ibuprofen 150 mg per tablet (Maxigesic®); (ii) acetaminophen 500 mg per tablet alone; or (iii) ibuprofen 150 mg per tablet alone. The primary outcome measure was the area under the curve (AUC) of the 100 mm visual analogue scale pain measurements taken for up to 48 h after surgery, divided by time, at rest and on activity. Pharmacokinetic data were collected in a subset of patients.ResultsThe mean (sem) time-corrected AUC on rest and activity, respectively, were: combination group 22.3 (3.2) and 28.4 (3.4); acetaminophen group 33.0 (3.1) and 40.4 (3.3); and ibuprofen group 34.8 (3.2) and 40.2 (3.4); P<0.01 for each of the four comparisons of combination vs constituent drug. There was no pharmacokinetic interaction between acetaminophen and ibuprofen administered together.ConclusionsMaxigesic® tablets provide superior pain relief after oral surgery to acetaminophen or ibuprofen alone.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined acetaminophen and ibuprofen for pain relief after oral surgery in adults: a randomized controlled trial

Merry

Gibbs

Edwards³

et al. 2010

British Journal of Anaesthesia

102

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“…Severity of patient pain perception was assessed via a simplified visual analogue scale (VAS), 100 mm in length, where '0' was marked as 'no pain' and '100' as 'most severe pain imaginable'. This scale was further subdivided into four intervals (0-25 mm = no pain, 26-50 = mild pain, 51-75 = moderate pain, 76-100 = maximum pain) 28,35,39,41 .…”

Section: Post-surgical Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perioperative dexamethasone reduces post-surgical sequelae of wisdom tooth removal. A split-mouth randomized double-masked clinical trial

Graziani¹,

D’Aiuto²,

Arduino³

et al. 2006

International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

156

160

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“…Five patients were at diagnosis, six under chemotherapy, one after autologous transplantation, two relapsed after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. The median pretreatment Karnofsky performances status (8) and Visual Analog Scale Pain Scores (VAS score) (9) were 50 (range 30–70) and 9(range 8–10) (0 no pain to 10 maximal pain), respectively. The levels involved ranged from T6 to S1.…”

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confidence: 99%