“…for recruiting, training, screening, managing volunteers) (Freeman, 1997). Three different methods are used to estimate the actual cost or economic value of a volunteer hour: replacement value (Handy & Srinivasan, 2004), investment value and market value (Mook, Handy, Ginieniewiz, & Quarter, 2007). Most studies demonstrated the cost-saving effects of volunteering (Brudney & Duncombe, 1992;Handy & Brudney, 2007;Handy, Mook, & Quarter, 2008).…”