The Utilization of Contact Liquid Crystal Thermography in the Evaluation of Temporomandibular Dysfunction

Steed, Pamela A.

doi:10.1080/08869634.1991.11678356

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…According to the literature, right-left thermal differences greater than 0.3 u C can define a myofascial dysfunction. 10,[12][13][14][24][25][26]36 By the evaluation of the cut-off points, the value of the conjugated gradient (DT) was higher than 0.3 u C and the normalized temperature value (Dh) was greater than 0.036. When the MTPs were separated into local and referred pain, the values of DT .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermographic and clinical correlation of myofascial trigger points in the masticatory muscles

Haddad¹,

Brioschi²,

Arita³

2012

Dentomaxillofacial Radiology

102

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Objectives: The aim of the study was to identify and correlate myofascial trigger points (MTPs) in the masticatory muscles, using thermography and algometry. Methods: 26 female volunteers were recruited. The surface facial area over the masseter and anterior temporalis muscles was divided into 15 subareas on each side (n 5 780). This investigation consisted of three steps. The first step involved thermographic facial examination, using lateral views. The second step involved the pressure pain threshold (PPT), marking the MTP pattern areas for referred pain (n 5 131) and local pain (n 5 282) with a coloured pencil, and a photograph of the lateral face with the head in the same position as the infrared imaging. The last step was the fusion of these two images, using dedicated software (ReporterH 8.5-SP3 Professional Edition and QuickReportH 1.2, FLIR Systems, Wilsonville, OR); and the calculation of the temperature of each point. Results: PPT levels measured at the points of referred pain in MTPs (1.28 ¡ 0.45 kgf) were significantly lower than the points of local pain in MTPs (1.73 ¡ 0.59 kgf; p , 0.05). Infrared imaging indicated differences between referred and local pain in MTPs of 0.5 u C (p , 0.05). Analysis of the correlation between the PPT and infrared imaging was done using the Spearman non-parametric method, in which the correlations were positive and moderate (0.4 # r , 0.7). The sensitivity and specificity in MTPs were 62.5% and 71.3%, respectively, for referred pain, and 43.6% and 60.6%, respectively, for local pain. Conclusion: Infrared imaging measurements can provide a useful, non-invasive and nonionizing examination for diagnosis of MTPs in masticatory muscles.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermographic and clinical correlation of myofascial trigger points in the masticatory muscles

Haddad¹,

Brioschi²,

Arita³

2012

Dentomaxillofacial Radiology

102

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“…This could happen if the sites are inflamed (Berry and Yemm, 1974;Steed, 1991), or if there are changes in autonomic function that increase or decrease cutaneous blood flow (Steed, 1991;Weinstein et al, 1991). Although some forms of neuropathic pain seem to be associated with changes in temperature (Weinstein et al, 1991), there is no theoretical basis for the claims made regarding TMD.…”

Section: Diagnostic Validitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are no well-controlled studies of the diagnostic validity of thermography. In several reports, the test was not adequately described (Berry and Yemm, 1971;Finney et al, 1986;Pogrel et al, 1989;Ariyaratnam and Rood, 1990;Weinstein et al, 1991); in others, no patient group (Kopp and Haraldson, 1983;Johansson et al, 1985;Gratt et al, 1989;Ariyaratnam and Rood, 1990) or control group (Finney et al, 1986;Steed, 1991) was included. However, thermograms of asymptomatic subjects and subjects with osteo-arthrosis of the tempormandibular joint were recently compared .…”

Section: Electrical Stimulation Devicesbmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although joint sounds do change over time (Truelove et al, 1987), there is as yet no evidence that this is related to the progression or regression of disease. Some preliminary studies of thermography report that surface temperatures become more symmetrical after resolution of the TMD condition (Berry and Yemm, 1974;Steed, 1991), but the methodology and analyses were not described adequately. Without a clear indication that changes in temperature reflect the underlying disease process (see earlier), thermography should not be used to monitor the progress of TMD.…”

Section: Electrical Stimulation Devicesbmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validity of Diagnostic and Monitoring Tests Used for Temporomandibular Disorders

1995

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Currently, diagnosis of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) depends on a comprehensive history and physical examination, supplemented, when indicated, by images of hard and soft tissues. However, there are electronic diagnostic devices being marketed to acquire other measures described as relevant to TMD and to use these for diagnosis of TMD and for monitoring the effects of treatment. This paper reviews the capacity of several devices to measure these variables accurately and reliably and to assess the theoretical basis of each of these tests. Diagnostic ability was established, when possible, according to the commonly accepted measures of sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive values. It was found that many tests lack theoretical validity, that measurement validity tends to be poor, and that diagnostic ability can be even worse than chance, because of a high percentage of false-positive diagnoses. Based on these findings, the use of these instruments in clinical practice is inappropriate at this time and may lead to the treatment of large numbers of subjects who have no disorder.

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“…Successful application of LCT to the face has also been demonstrated 82 and has aided the assessment of temporomandibular joint dysfunction. 83,84 The potential of LCT in clinical cardiology has been demonstrated by extensive experimental studies; [85][86][87] dynamic thermal changes in the left ventricular surface of rabbit myocardia have been quantified with a thermal resolution of Ͻ0.015°C. Other dentistry and veterinary applications of LCT have also been reported (see Ref.…”

Section: Review Of Lct As An Investigative and Diagnostic Tool In Medmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative thermal imaging using liquid crystals

Ashforth-Frost

1996

J. Biomed. Opt.

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A detailed knowledge of surface temperatures is vitally important in many fields of science and engineering. Thermochromic liquid crystals have become widely accepted over the past decade as a simple, low-cost, and accurate tool for temperature measurement, but their potential in biological surface temperature monitoring or heat production, or biomechanics, has not been fully exploited. In this paper, the principles and practice of using liquid crystal thermography for noninvasive temperature measurement are discussed. Types of liquid crystal materials, their application to surfaces, chromatic interpretation, and associated advantages and limitations are summarized. Finally, the application of liquid crystals to particular fields of interest in biomedical engineering is reviewed and potential applications are identified. Based on this review, the suitability of using liquid crystals in medical applications is assessed.

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The Utilization of Contact Liquid Crystal Thermography in the Evaluation of Temporomandibular Dysfunction

Cited by 13 publications

References 22 publications

Thermographic and clinical correlation of myofascial trigger points in the masticatory muscles

Thermographic and clinical correlation of myofascial trigger points in the masticatory muscles

Validity of Diagnostic and Monitoring Tests Used for Temporomandibular Disorders

Quantitative thermal imaging using liquid crystals

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