The use of liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry to detect proteins in saliva from horses with and without systemic inflammation

Jacobsen, Stine; Adler, Ditte Marie Top; Bundgaard, Louise; Sørensen, Mette Aamand; Andersen, Pia Haubro; Bendixen, Emøke

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.08.032

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…In this study, we found the upregulation of the serine protease inhibitor Kazal-type 5 (SPINK5), a member of the gene family serine protease inhibitor Kazal-type cluster, which encodes inhibitors of the serine proteases [ 40 ]. In line with our results, it was also previously reported in horses’ saliva with inflammation [ 20 ], and it could be postulated that this protein could be involved in the regulation of inflammation. Therefore, its increase in horses with AAD could be related to a protective response that the organism produces against this condition.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The use of tandem mass tag (TMT) in proteomics allows the relative simultaneous quantification of differentially labelled peptides, since each peptide is marked and distinguished by differences on its reporter ion masses [ 18 , 19 ]. One study described horses’ salivary proteome with systemic inflammation and found that 57 of 195 unique proteins, detected by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry, were present in saliva from horses with systemic inflammation but not in saliva from healthy horses [ 20 ]. However, to the authors’ knowledge, no studies have investigated the salivary proteome in horses with AAD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) Proteomic Analysis of Saliva in Horses with Acute Abdominal Disease

Muñoz-Prieto

Escribano

Contreras-Aguilar

et al. 2021

Animals

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The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in the salivary proteome in horses with acute abdominal disease (AAD) using a tandem mass tags (TMT)-based proteomic approach. The saliva samples from eight horses with AAD were compared with six healthy horses in the proteomic study. Additionally, saliva samples from eight horses with AAD and eight controls were used to validate lactoferrin (LF) in saliva. The TMT analysis quantified 118 proteins. Of these, 17 differed significantly between horses with AAD and the healthy controls, 11 being downregulated and 6 upregulated. Our results showed the downregulation of gamma-enteric smooth muscle actin (ACTA2), latherin isoform X1, and LF. These proteins could be closely related to an impaired primary immune defense and antimicrobial capacity in the mucosa. In addition, there was an upregulation of mucin 19 (MUC19) and the serine protease inhibitor Kazal-type 5 (SPINK5) associated with a protective effect during inflammation. The proteins identified in our study could have the potential to be novel biomarkers for diagnosis or monitoring the physiopathology of the disease, especially LF, which decreased in the saliva of horses with AAD and was successfully measured using a commercially available immunoassay.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) Proteomic Analysis of Saliva in Horses with Acute Abdominal Disease

Muñoz-Prieto

Escribano

Contreras-Aguilar

et al. 2021

Animals

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“…First, an exploratory study in a small population was performed in order to detect possible analytes that can change in the situation being studied, in our case acute abdominal disease. This population, as described in previous studies, comprised horses with different ages, sexes, and diagnoses in order to be representative of the different clinical conditions that can appear in this disease [14, 29]. Then, the analytes showing changes were validated in a larger population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In horses, sAA and cortisol increase in acute abdominal disease, acting as possible pain-induced stress biomarkers [3]. In addition, in a proteomic study [14], acute phase proteins in saliva were observed to change in horses with this disease. However, to the authors’ knowledge, other routine biochemistry analytes have not been measured in saliva in horses with acute abdominal disease, so their potential utility as biomarkers is unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in saliva analytes in equine acute abdominal disease: a sialochemistry approach

et al. 2019

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Background The biochemical components of saliva can change in certain pathologies in horses, for example in acute abdominal disease. The aim of this study was (1) to evaluate if a panel of biochemical analytes usually used in serum can be measured in saliva of horses and (2) to study the possible changes of these biochemical analytes in saliva of horses affected by acute abdominal disease. A panel of 23 analytes was analytically validated in saliva of horses and possible changes in these analytes in a pilot study with six healthy horses and six horses with acute abdominal disease were evaluated. The analytes with significant changes were then evaluated in a larger population of 20 healthy and 37 diseased horses. Results Seven analytes showed significant increases in the pilot study which were confirmed in the larger population. The analytes which showed significant changes, and their median fold increase and significance shown in the larger population were salivary γ-glutamyl transferase (gGT, 2.3 fold, P = 0.001), creatine kinase (CK, 6.2 fold, P < 0.001), urea (2.3 fold, P = 0.001), total bilirubin (2.6 fold, P < 0.001), total proteins (3.2 fold, P < 0.001), phosphorus (P, 4.5 fold, P < 0.001) and alpha-amylase (sAA, 8.5 fold, P < 0.001). Total proteins, P and sAA showed sensitivities higher than 70% at their optimal cut-off points and a specificity of 100% in differentiating between healthy horses and those with acute abdominal disease. Conclusions A panel of 23 biochemical analytes can be measured in saliva of horses, where gGT, CK, urea, total bilirubin, total protein, P and sAA levels are raised in horses with acute abdominal disease. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12917-019-1933-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Metabolites, enzymes, proteins and minerals have been found in saliva samples collected from humans, pigs, sheep and horses [9,[12][13][14][15][16][17]. Some of these metabolites have been found to change as a result of pathological conditions like lameness, stress, abdominal pain, inflammation and kidney diseases, and could be eligible as biomarkers in humans and animals [9,12,13,16,18,19]. A proteomic approach was also applied to saliva samples from humans, horses, cattle, dogs, sheep, rabbits and rats with the aim to establish specific proteome signatures of mammals' saliva [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise Induced Changes in Salivary and Serum Metabolome in Trained Standardbred, Assessed by 1H-NMR

et al. 2020

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In the present study, data related to the metabolomics of saliva and serum in trained standardbred horses are provided for the first time. Metabolomic analysis allows to analyze all the metabolites within selected biofluids, providing a better understanding of biochemistry modifications related to exercise. On the basis of the current advances observed in metabolomic research on human athletes, we aimed to investigate the metabolites’ profile of serum and saliva samples collected from healthy standardbred horses and the relationship with physical exercise. Twelve trained standardbred horses were sampled for blood and saliva before (T0) and immediately after (T1) standardized exercise. Metabolomic analysis of both samples was performed by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Forty-six metabolites in serum and 62 metabolites in saliva were detected, including alcohols, amino acids, organic acids, carbohydrates and purine derivatives. Twenty-six and 14 metabolites resulted to be significantly changed between T0 and T1 in serum and saliva, respectively. The findings of 2-hydroxyisobutyrate and 3-hydroxybutyrate in serum and GABA in equine saliva, as well as their modifications following exercise, provide new insights about the physiology of exercise in athletic horses. Glycerol might represent a novel biomarker for fitness evaluation in sport horses.

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The use of liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry to detect proteins in saliva from horses with and without systemic inflammation

Cited by 16 publications

References 51 publications

Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) Proteomic Analysis of Saliva in Horses with Acute Abdominal Disease

Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) Proteomic Analysis of Saliva in Horses with Acute Abdominal Disease

Changes in saliva analytes in equine acute abdominal disease: a sialochemistry approach

Exercise Induced Changes in Salivary and Serum Metabolome in Trained Standardbred, Assessed by 1H-NMR

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