The urbanisation of insurgency: The potential challenge to US army operations

Taw, Jennifer Morrison; Hoffman, Bruce

doi:10.1080/09592319508423099

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…15 Jennifer Taw and Bruce Hoffman of the RAND Corporation have noted the "urbanization of insurgency" in reference to the ways that cities may serve as areas for recruitment that harbor terrorist activities. 16 This threat becomes particularly acute when there is a lack of governance and a lack of planning for climate threats. 17 While urban slums in developing countries are, perhaps unsurprisingly, safe havens for insurgents, cities in developed countries can provide the same conditions for extremism to grow.…”

Section: Urban Insecuritiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demographic Resilience: Linking Population Dynamics, the Environment, and Security

Souza¹

2015

sais

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Demographic trends are important among the range of factors that motivate or deter political instability. Over the past several decades, countries with very young age structures-those in which at least 60 percent of the population is younger than thirty years of age-have been much more likely to experience outbreaks of conflict than those with a broader population distribution across different age ranges. Young people are a country's key human resource and the embodiment of future potential for development. However, when individual insecurity combines with changing demographics, governance challenges, and other socioeconomic conditions, state security can also be threatened. Youth bulges, increasing urbanization, and violations of women's rights, as with natural resource scarcities, can exacerbate or mitigate the direct factors that may trigger a conflict. This article examines the ways in which demographic trends influence security considerations, highlighting some key considerations in light of the reality of climate change and drawing policy implications for the security, humanitarian, and development communities. It suggests that when countries find ways to harness population dynamics they enhance their "demographic resilience" and find ways to plan for the shocks and stresses associated with climate change that may increase their conflict potential. D emographic-related phenomena, including disenfranchised young men, population growth in urban centers, and violations of women's rights, may contribute to political instability, extremism, and violent conflict. These dynamics, together with natural resource scarcities and an inability to adapt to climate change, can further exacerbate factors that trigger conflict. This combination of factors can challenge a government's legitimacy, its capacity to provide sufficient jobs, education, and resources for its population, and its ability to effectively govern and address civil unrest.This article examines resilience in the face of conflict and climate change fragility from a perspective that is not often explored-a demographic lensand highlights the ways that existing research and policy have begun to address demography's effect on environmental security. In particular, it suggests that demographic resilience-the ability of a government to harness its age structure, urbanization, and gender dynamics for its overall well-being-provides Roger-Mark De Souza is the director of population, environmental security, and resilience for the Wilson Center. He leads programs on climate change resilience, reproductive and maternal health, environmental security, and livelihoods, including the Global Sustainability and Resilience Program, Environmental Change and Security Program, and Maternal Health Initiative.

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Section: Urban Insecuritiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demographic Resilience: Linking Population Dynamics, the Environment, and Security

Souza¹

2015

sais

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“…The A4C refused to treat the city center and other public spaces with indifference, in other words, it decided that the city center and walking to work were critical to its being, its identity, or its conception of its rights to assembly. As Taw and Hoffman (1995) recommend, the government must walk the fine line between overlooking or ignoring the development of protest movements on one hand, and overreacting with repressive legislation and brutal counterattacks on the other. There is a need for KCCA and Uganda Police to rethink the use of, control and regulation of public spaces for the benefits of the general public.…”

Section: Conclusion and Implications For Urban Policymentioning

confidence: 99%

Insurgent Urbanism, Citizenship and Surveillance in Kampala City: Implications for Urban Policy in Uganda

Mukwaya¹

2016

CUS

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A great deal of work has been done on the nature of rights and the definitions of citizenship. However, little work has been done that explores how people perceive their citizenship rights and how they act on these perceptions especially in growing cities. High and low intensity protests have inscribed their presence and voice in Kampala city's streets, thereby becoming integral components of the city landscape. The paper uses critical urban theory, insurgent urbanism and citizenship as its conceptual framework to: 1) examine the terrain of struggle and militancy and, how Kampala residents engage with the state beyond formal processes; and, 2) assess government surveillance actions aimed at (de) constructing of citizenship in the city. The paper illuminates these questions and elaborates the notion of insurgent urbanism using Mabira forest demonstrations, September 2009 Buganda riots, and Walk-to-Work' (W2W) protests in Kampala City. The paper argues that the currents of militancy are very active across the city and the institutionalization and planning for insurgent claims and associated government responses in the broader urban policy terrain across the country.

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“…The May 2006 incident in São Paulo is a prime example of a "new urban jungle," within which gangs and their warlord and insurgent cousins can find space from which to conduct their illicit, commercial enrichment operations. 112 Ironically, Marcola and his fellow PCC prisoners in the São Paulo penal system have found a safe place for conducting their unprincipled, second-generation gang move toward third-generation status. This mixing of commercial and political interests is a lethal combination that exemplifies a real and significant threat to the security, stability, and effective sovereignty of the Brazilian state.…”

Section: The Brazilian Primeiro Comando Da Capitalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic Impacts from Spending by Community Dock Owners at Table Rock Lake

Amsden¹,

Propst²,

Chang³

et al. 2008

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This report documents the local economic impacts of users of community-owned docks at Table Rock Lake, located on the border of Missouri and Arkansas. This economic assessment is based on the results of a 1999 survey of a sample of Table Rock Lake community dock owners. Spending estimates are adjusted to 2004 dollars. The economic impacts estimated for Table Rock Lake are useful for accountability purposes, lake support, and explaining the role of the lake in the region's economy. This report demonstrates how the survey results can be used to evaluate management alternatives and strategies and to conduct sensitivity analyses.

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The urbanisation of insurgency: The potential challenge to US army operations

Cited by 9 publications

References 3 publications

Demographic Resilience: Linking Population Dynamics, the Environment, and Security

Demographic Resilience: Linking Population Dynamics, the Environment, and Security

Insurgent Urbanism, Citizenship and Surveillance in Kampala City: Implications for Urban Policy in Uganda

Economic Impacts from Spending by Community Dock Owners at Table Rock Lake

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