The ulcerogenic and protective action of rice and rice fractions in experimental peptic ulceration

Abstract

The ulcerogenic and protective effects of various rice fractions in the diet were studied in the pylorus ligated ulcer model in the rat. Oil present in rice and particularly rice bran becomes ulcerogenic on storage and in this model results in a significant increase in the median (range) numbers of ulcers from six (one to ten) to nine (six to 15) (P less than 0.05). The ulcerogenic effect of stored rice bran oil was reversed by cysteine which significantly reduced the ulcer incidence from 100% to 60% (P less than 0.005) and the numbers of ulcers from 26 (six to 70) to one (zero to four) (P less than 0.001). Fresh rice bran significantly reduced the numbers of ulcers from six (one to ten) to one (one to four) (P less than 0.05). Similarly, unmilled rice and freshly milled newly harvested rice was also shown to be protective in this model by significantly reducing the ulcer incidence from 87.5% to 50% and 0% respectively (P values less than 0.025) and the numbers of ulcers from three (zero to 17) to one (zero to one) and zero (zero to zero) respectively (P values less than 0.001). These results could in part explain the geographical distribution of duodenal ulceration, where the incidence is high in all the rice eating areas of the world, and provide a plausible hypothesis to explain the mechanism of dietary ulcerogenesis.

Gastroprotective Effects of Glutinous Rice Extract against Ethanol-, Indomethacin-, and Stress-induced Ulcers in Rats

“…This article is the first to describe the gastroprotective activity of prolamin. According to Jayaraj et al,38 fresh rice bran and its oil showed a gastroprotective effect but stored rice bran and its oil were ulcerogenic in pylorus ligated rats. Those authors suggested that unsaturated fatty acids play a critical role in the above actions of rice bran and its oil.…”

Scientific Evaluation of Edible Fruits and Spices Used for the Treatment of Peptic Ulcer in Traditional Iranian Medicine

“…For example, stored rice bran oil has shown ulcerogenic activity. Whereas, fresh rice bran diet and rice diet have demonstrated anti-PU properties in animal models [52, 53]. Fruit polyphenol extract of Malus domestica has ulcerogenic effect [27].…”

“…Rice fluid exhibited strong bactericidal activity against H. pylori [49]. In spite of these supportive data, Jayaraj et al demonstrated that oil derived from rice and rice bran on storage becomes ulcerogenic, while fresh rice bran diet protected mucosa from ulceration [52]. The study evaluating dietary profile of patients with duodenal ulcer showed more ulcer occurrence in patient with rice diets.…”

Duodenal ulcer prevalence: Experimental evidence for the possible role of dietary lipids

“…refined wheat, yams, cassava and sorghum) and, indeed, some were ulcerogenic (e.g., stored polished rice). 9,10 …”