The trends in incidence of primary liver cancer caused by specific etiologies: Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 and implications for liver cancer prevention

Liu, Zhenqiu; Jiang, Yanfeng; Yuan, Huangbo; Fang, Qiwen; Cai, Ning; Suo, Chen; Li, Jin; Zhang, Tiejun; Chen, Xingdong

doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2018.12.001

Cited by 500 publications

(540 citation statements)

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“…Estimated APCs were calculated in accordance with the study of Liu et al. [9], that is, y = a + bx + e , where y refers to ln(ASR) and x is the calendar year. Estimated APC is calculated as 100 × (exp( b ) – 1), and its 95% confidence interval (CI) can also be obtained from the linear regression model.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, to identify the factors influencing the estimated APCs, we evaluated the associations between the estimated APC and ASR in 1990 and the HDI for 2017 at the national level. The ASR in 1990 reflects the disease reservoir at baseline, and the HDI for 2017 can serve as a surrogate for the level and availability of health care in each country [9]. The R program (R x3.5.1) (https://www.r-project.org/) was used for statistical analyses.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global and regional burdens of oral cancer from 1990 to 2017: Results from the global burden of disease study

Ren

et al. 2020

Cancer Communications

110

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Background Data on the incidence, mortality, and other burden of oral cancer as well as their secular trends are necessary to provide policy‐makers with the information needed to allocate resources appropriately. The purpose of this study was to use the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 results to estimate the incidence, mortality, and disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs) for oral cancer from 1990 to 2017. Methods We collected detailed data on oral cancer from 1990 to 2017 from the GBD 2017. The global incidence, mortality, and DALYs attributable to oral cancer as well as the corresponding age‐standardized rates (ASRs) were calculated. The estimated annual percentage changes in the ASRs of incidence (ASRI) and mortality (ASRM) and age‐standardized DALYs of oral cancer were also calculated according to regions and countries to quantify the secular trends in these rates. Results We tracked the incidence, mortality, and DALYs of oral cancer in 195 countries/territories over 28 years. Globally, the incidence, mortality, and DALYs of oral cancer increased by about 1.0‐fold from 1990 to 2017. The ASRI of oral cancer showed a similar trend, increasing from 4.41 to 4.84 per 100,000 person‐years during the study period. The ASRM remained approximately stable at about 2.4 per 100,000 from 1990 to 2017, as did the age‐standardized DALYs, at about 64.0 per 100,000 person‐years. ASRI was highest in Pakistan (27.03/100,000, 95% CI = 22.13‐32.75/100,000), followed by Taiwan China, and lowest in Iraq (0.96/100,000, 95% CI = 0.86‐1.06/100,000). ASRM was highest in Pakistan (16.85/100,000, 95% CI = 13.92‐20.17/100,000) and lowest in Kuwait (0.51/100,000, 95% CI = 0.45‐0.58/100,000). Conclusions The ASRI of oral cancer has increased slightly worldwide, while the ASRM and age‐standardized DALY have remained stable. However, these characteristics vary between countries, suggesting that current prevention strategies should be reoriented, and much more targeted and specific strategies should be established in some countries to forestall the increase in oral cancer.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global and regional burdens of oral cancer from 1990 to 2017: Results from the global burden of disease study

Ren

et al. 2020

Cancer Communications

110

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“…[6][7][8] Moreover, the predominant etiology of PLC varies from region to region. 5 PLC incidence and its temporal trends are heterogeneous by sex and age. 9,10 Males were deemed to have a 2-to 3-fold higher risk than females for developing PLC, and the incidence trends for the 2 sexes are for the most part not in alignment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global incidence trends in primary liver cancer by age at diagnosis, sex, region, and etiology, 1990‐2017

Liu

Suo

Mao

et al. 2020

Cancer

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BACKGROUND: The incidence of primary liver cancer (PLC) continues to increase worldwide. The incidence trends and patterns of PLC associated with different age at diagnosis remain unknown. METHODS: We collected detailed information on PLC between 1990 and 2017 from Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Estimated annual percentage changes in the PLC age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) diagnosed by age, sex, region, and etiology were calculated to quantify the temporal trends in PLC ASR. RESULTS: Globally, the number of PLC cases for which the age at diagnosis was <30 years decreased from 17,381 in 1990 to 14,661 in 2017, whereas the number of PLC cases diagnosed at age 30 to 59 and ≥60 years old increased from 216,561 and 241,189 in 1990 to 359,770 and 578,344 in 2017, respectively. The ASR of PLC cases with age at diagnosis <30 years and between 30 and 59 years decreased in both sexes, whereas the ASR of PLC with age at diagnosis ≥60 years increased in males and remained stable in females at the global level. Males had a more dramatic increase in PLC diagnosed at age ≥60 years but a milder decrease in PLC diagnosed between 30 and 59 years of age. This decrease was attributed largely to the reduction in PLC caused by hepatitis B and hepatitis C and was consistent in most regions except for developed countries, in which the ASR of PLC increased irrespective of sex and age. The ASR of PLC due to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) increased by the greatest magnitude in most regions. CONCLUSION: PLC in highly endemic regions has been partly alleviated due to the potent control of hepatitis, especially among young and middle-aged people. However, an unfavorable trend was observed in most developed countries and in elderly populations. As such, PLC prevention schedules should give more attention to NASH and elderly patients. Cancer 2020;126:2267-2278.

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“…1 Worldwide, more than half of newly diagnosed cancer cases and deaths have occurred in China. [2][3][4][5] According to the 2015 cancer statistics, 466 100 and 422 100 new liver cancer cases and deaths, respectively, were estimated to have occurred in China. 3 Etiologies underlying liver cancer have been extensively investigated in the past decade.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing trends in the disease burden of primary liver cancer caused by specific etiologies in China

et al. 2019

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Background Liver cancer is a commonly diagnosed malignancy in China. The etiologies of liver cancer are widely known, although studies on temporal trends in liver cancer caused by specific etiologies are rare. Methods Data on the incidence and mortality of liver cancer were retrieved from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2017. The estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was used to quantify temporal trends in the age‐standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and the age‐standardized mortality rate (ASMR) of liver cancer from 1990 to 2017. Results Nationwide, the number of incident cases of liver cancer increased from 258 000 in 1990 to 515 900 in 2017. The ASIR decreased from 27.16 per 100 000 to 26.04 per 100 000 during this period, with an EAPC of −0.64 (95% confidence interval [CI] −0.84, −0.44). The number of deaths increased from 245 300 in 1990 to 418 200 in 2017, and the ASMR decreased from 26.72 to 21.30 (EAPC = −1.16, 95% CI −1.35, −0.97). The most pronounced decreases in the ASIR and ASMR were observed in liver cancer due to hepatitis B and in people aged 15‐49 years. Conclusions Since the extensive efforts for prevention of hepatitis B virus infection, the incidence of liver cancer due to hepatitis B has significantly decreased. However, liver cancer due to hepatitis C, NASH, and other causes remains a major public health concern. Additional preventive strategies tailored to liver cancer are needed to further reduce its disease burden in China.

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The trends in incidence of primary liver cancer caused by specific etiologies: Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 and implications for liver cancer prevention

Cited by 500 publications

References 43 publications

Global and regional burdens of oral cancer from 1990 to 2017: Results from the global burden of disease study

Global and regional burdens of oral cancer from 1990 to 2017: Results from the global burden of disease study

Global incidence trends in primary liver cancer by age at diagnosis, sex, region, and etiology, 1990‐2017

Changing trends in the disease burden of primary liver cancer caused by specific etiologies in China

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