The toxicity and toxic potential of fly ash from municipal incinerators assessed by means of a fish early life stage test

Helder, Th.; Stutterheim, E.; Olie, K.

doi:10.1016/0045-6535(82)90068-6

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Higher level adversely affected the plant growth and other parameters of Pumpkin. The adverse effects of fly ash at higher level of application are attributed to excess of micro-nutrients (Adriano et al 1980) and toxicity of compounds like dibenzofuron and dibenzo-p-dioxine as well as heavy metals found in fly ash (Helder et al 1982, Mishra & Shukla 1986, Wong & Wong 1986). Harmful effects of higher levels above 50% have been observed on Brassica juncea, chickpea, cucumber, lentil, Linum usitatissimum, maize, potato, soybean and tomato (Mishra & Shukla 1986, Pasha et al 1990, Raghav 2006.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of a fly ash and root-knot nematode pathogens on Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch. ex Lam.)

Ahmad¹,

Khan²,

Ansari³

2017

Trop. Plant Res.

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Abstract:In the present investigation it was tried to find out the interactive effect of various level of fly ash (abiotic) and root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (biotic) on plant growth, yield and some biochemical contents in pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata). The experiments were conducted in pots with different level of fly ash and soil mixture in the green house at Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India. Seeds of pumpkin (F1 hybrid-Nutan) were grown in pots filled with different level of fly ash (5, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50%). At four leaves stage, seedlings were inoculated with 2000 larvae (J2 stage) of M. incognita. Plants grown in soil (uninoculated and inoculated stes) serve as control for comparing with different level of fly ashamended soil. Plant growth and yield parameters were increased significantly in 10 to 30% fly ash amended soils. However, at higher level of fly ash (40% and 50%), plant growth and yield were reduced significantly. The suppression in plant growth and yield were maximum at 50% fly ash level. Similarly the chlorophyll, carotenoids, carbohydrate and proline contents were also increased at 10-30% levels, then increased in 40 and 50% of fly ash level compared to control (uninoculated set). All the parameters; growth, yield, chlorophyll, carotenoids, carbohydrate and proline content of plants were better for all the fly ash level as compared to nematode inoculated sets.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of a fly ash and root-knot nematode pathogens on Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch. ex Lam.)

Ahmad¹,

Khan²,

Ansari³

2017

Trop. Plant Res.

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“…Regression lines for tomato yield against foliar boron showed that accumulation of around 350 m g of B or more per gram dry weight of leaf was injurious to growth and yield. Some other toxic compounds, namely dibenzofuran and dibenzo-p -dioxine mixtures (Helder et al 1982;Sawyer et al 1983), and metals, namely Ni, As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Se, Zn, Cu etc. (Wadge and Hutton 1987), reported to occur in fly-ash, might also have contributed towards the poor growth and yield of tomato plants at higher levels of fly-ash.…”

Section: Effect Of Fly-ash On Plant Growth and Vegetationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of fly-ash on soil and plant responses

Gupta

Upendra

Tripathi

et al. 2002

Journal of Plant Research

195

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Coal combustion produces carbon dioxides, SO x, NO x and a variety of byproducts, including fly-ash, flue gas and scrubber sludge. Fly-ash consists of minute glass-like particles and its deposition on leaves inhibits the normal transpiration and photosynthesis of plants. Fly-ash also affects the physicochemical characteristics of soil because it is generally very basic, rich in various essential and non-essential elements, but poor in both nitrogen and available phosphorus. The massive fly-ash materials have been a potential resource for the agricultural activities as well as the other industrial purposes. Practical value of fly-ash in agriculture as an 'effective and safe' fertiliser or soil amendment can be established after repeated field experiments. Here remains to be disclosed the biological processes and interactions due to 'lack and excess' of the fly-ash exposures along with abiotic and biotic factors. These may involve the symbiotic fixation of nitrogen and the biological extraction of metals following immobilisation of toxic heavy metal ions, as well as other neutralisation and equilibration processes during weathering. Nitrogen-fixing plants with an apparent heavy metal-tolerance can be helpful as the early colonisers of fly-ash dumps and nearby areas.

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“…Some other toxic compounds, viz. dibenzofuran and dibenzo-P-dioxine mixtures (Helder et al, 1982, Sawyer et al, 1983 and metals such as arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, nickel, selenium and zinc (Wedge & Hutton, 1987), are reported to be present in fly ash. These toxic chemicals may have killed nematode juveniles directly in soil, so that fewer were able to invade roots.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of root‐knot disease of tomato by the application of fly ash in soil

Khan¹,

Khan

Singh

1997

Plant Pathology

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The effects of fly ash at different concentrations (0, 10, 20, 30 .. .100% vol./vol. in soil) on plant growth and yield were investigated in tomato plants infected or noninfected with root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (2000 juveniles per plant) in clay pots. An increase in fly ash concentration in the soil correspondingly increased the availability of carbonates, bicarbonates, sulphate, chlorides, B, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Cu and Zn in the soil. The porosity, water-holding capacity, pH, conductivity and cation exchange capacity also increased progressively in the fly ash amended soil. Ash application enhanced plant growth, leaf pigment concentrations, fruit production, weight of fruit/plant and mean fruit weight of both nematodeinfected and noninfected tomato plants, being maximum in the soil containing 50 or 60% fly ash. The yield enhancements were 93 . 6 (infected plants) and 84% (noninfected plants) at 50 and 60% fly ash levels, respectively. Fly ash treatments adversely affected root invasion by juveniles, disease intensity and reproduction of the nematodes. A gradual increase in the ash concentration in soil caused a corresponding decrease in the numbers of invading juveniles, galls and egg masses per root system and eggs/egg mass, being lowest at 100% fly ash i.e. 52, 16, 10 and 81 against 289, 137, 131 and 238 (control), respectively. Linear regression suggested 40% fly ash as the most economic level, enhancing yield of infected plants by 96% and suppressing the nematode disease and reproduction by 63 and 76%, respectively.

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The toxicity and toxic potential of fly ash from municipal incinerators assessed by means of a fish early life stage test

Cited by 25 publications

References 11 publications

Interaction of a fly ash and root-knot nematode pathogens on Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch. ex Lam.)

Interaction of a fly ash and root-knot nematode pathogens on Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch. ex Lam.)

Impacts of fly-ash on soil and plant responses

Management of root‐knot disease of tomato by the application of fly ash in soil

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