Impacts of fly-ash on soil and plant responses

Gupta, Dharmendra K.; Upendra, N.; Tripathi, Rudra Deo; Inouhe, Masahiro

doi:10.1007/s10265-002-0057-3

“…For decades, numerous researchers have looked into the possible use of CFA in agriculture [18][19][20] . In various investigations CFA has been used as substrate and data have been analyzed from the viewpoint of plant nutrition [21][22][23] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hard Coal Fly Ash and Silica-Effect of Fine Particulate Matter Deposits on <i>Brassica chinensis</i>

Ulrichs¹,

Schmidt²,

Mucha-Pelzer³

et al. 2009

American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences

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Problem statement: One focus in recent atmospheric pollution research is on fine Particle Matter (PM), especially as result of increasing traffic and anthropogenic activity in urban areas. Here, the impact on animal and human health has been in the center of many studies. Despite the fact that PM depositions can affect plants on the long term, there are only few studies about the impact on plants conducted. Approach: Therefore we studied the impact of PM on plants, using naturally occurring silica dusts (diatomaceous earth) and hard Coal Fly Ash (CFA) from burning processes. Dusts were applied onto Brassica chinensis L. using a simple duster (covering upper leaf surfaces) or electrostatically (covering leaf upper and -underside). Results: Main components of the tested CFA are SO 4 2-, K, Ca and NH 4+ . The pH value of eluates was found to be around 9.5 in CFA and 5.7 in silica. B. chinensis was insensitive towards the high pH and showed no growth reduction when grown in silica or CFA substrate. PM deposition on leaf surfaces results through shading in a reduced photosynthetic activity. The reduction is relatively higher at higher light intensities. Photosynthesis stays reduced after removal of silica PM from leaf surfaces. We assume that stomata get cloaked by small particles and that silica absorbs lipids from the epicuticle resulting in a general stress reaction. Smaller sized silica particles resulted in a higher reduction of CO 2 -absorption. Next to particle size is the photosynthesis negatively correlated with exposure time for silica PM. The chlorophyll fluorescence data indicate that dust-covered leaves exhibited significantly lower quantum yield of PS II and a reduced quantum efficiency of PS II and therefore supported the gas exchange data. Conclusion: Reduced photosynthetic performance would be expected to reduce growth and productivity of B. chinensis. In contrast to silica hard coal fly ash showed only a reduction of photosynthesis through shading but did not have any long time effects after washing them off.

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“…For decades, numerous researchers have looked into the possible use of CFA in agriculture [18][19][20] . In various investigations CFA has been used as substrate and data have been analyzed from the viewpoint of plant nutrition [21][22][23] . There is evidence that high pH values and phytotoxic boron contents hinder the use of CFA in the field level [24] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hard Coal Fly Ash and Silica-Effect of Fine Particulate Matter Deposits on Brassica chinensis

Ulrichs¹

2009

American J. of Agricultural and Biological Sciences

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Problem statement: One focus in recent atmospheric pollution research is on fine Particle Matter (PM), especially as result of increasing traffic and anthropogenic activity in urban areas. Here, the impact on animal and human health has been in the center of many studies. Despite the fact that PM depositions can affect plants on the long term, there are only few studies about the impact on plants conducted. Approach: Therefore we studied the impact of PM on plants, using naturally occurring silica dusts (diatomaceous earth) and hard Coal Fly Ash (CFA) from burning processes. Dusts were applied onto Brassica chinensis L. using a simple duster (covering upper leaf surfaces) or electrostatically (covering leaf upper and -underside). Results: Main components of the tested CFA are SO 4 2-, K, Ca and NH 4+ . The pH value of eluates was found to be around 9.5 in CFA and 5.7 in silica. B. chinensis was insensitive towards the high pH and showed no growth reduction when grown in silica or CFA substrate. PM deposition on leaf surfaces results through shading in a reduced photosynthetic activity. The reduction is relatively higher at higher light intensities. Photosynthesis stays reduced after removal of silica PM from leaf surfaces. We assume that stomata get cloaked by small particles and that silica absorbs lipids from the epicuticle resulting in a general stress reaction. Smaller sized silica particles resulted in a higher reduction of CO 2 -absorption. Next to particle size is the photosynthesis negatively correlated with exposure time for silica PM. The chlorophyll fluorescence data indicate that dust-covered leaves exhibited significantly lower quantum yield of PS II and a reduced quantum efficiency of PS II and therefore supported the gas exchange data. Conclusion: Reduced photosynthetic performance would be expected to reduce growth and productivity of B. chinensis. In contrast to silica hard coal fly ash showed only a reduction of photosynthesis through shading but did not have any long time effects after washing them off.

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“…is a perennial, widespread creeping grass, naturally colonizes in extreme habitat of FA lagoons. Research studies are mainly focused on, use of C. dactylon to restore and enhance the productivity of abandoned sodic lands (Gupta et al, 2002;Singh et al, 2013); accumulation of Ni and Pb from contaminated soils (Soleimani et al, 2009). Accumulation of metals in C. dactylon grown of refused-compost-amended soil studied by Wong and Chu (1985) and reported higher concentration of Cu, Cd and Zn in roots than aerial parts, while contents of Cd, Mn and Zn were higher in the foliage of second harvest than the first one.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study on Bioaccumulation and Translocation of Metals in Bermuda Grass (Cynodon Dactylon) Naturally Growing on Fly Ash Lagoon and Topsoil

Maiti¹

2016

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Maiti et al.: Comparative study on bioaccumulation and translocation of metals inAbstract. Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass) is one of the most common naturally colonized creeper grass found on fly ash lagoons and soils in India. Bioavailable metal concentrations in fly ash and topsoil were analyzed by using DTPA as extractant. Bioaccumulation of metals in the root and their translocation to the shoot were estimated for fly ash and compared with topsoil. Bioaccumulation of Zn, Mn, Ni and Cu were found similar for the plants growing on fly ash and topsoil. Different bioaccumulation trends were observed for Pb, Co and Cd, in fly ash and topsoil. In fly ash translocation factors were found >1 for Cd, Mn, Zn and Cu, indicating a higher translocation of these metals in aerial parts, which can easily transfer to the food chain. In topsoil, translocation factor for all the metals (except Cd) was found <1, indicating immobilization of metals in root. The study concluded that Bermuda grass growing on fly ash lagoons can act as a transferring link of heavy metals in the food chain.

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Impacts of fly-ash on soil and plant responses

Cited by 195 publications

References 85 publications

Hard Coal Fly Ash and Silica-Effect of Fine Particulate Matter Deposits on <i>Brassica chinensis</i>

Hard Coal Fly Ash and Silica-Effect of Fine Particulate Matter Deposits on <i>Brassica chinensis</i>

Hard Coal Fly Ash and Silica-Effect of Fine Particulate Matter Deposits on Brassica chinensis

Comparative Study on Bioaccumulation and Translocation of Metals in Bermuda Grass (Cynodon Dactylon) Naturally Growing on Fly Ash Lagoon and Topsoil

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