The Thermocross: a simple tool for rapid assessment of thermal sensation thresholds

Plantar pressure distribution in Type 2 diabetic patients without peripheral neuropathy and peripheral vascular disease

“… TDT, temperature discrimination threshold (Thermocross®) [17]; VPT, vibration perception threshold (tuning fork 128 Hz Rydel‐Seiffer®) [16]. …”

“…Absence of peripheral neuropathy was defined as a vibration perception threshold (measured at the big toe and internal malleolus) ≥ 6 (Tuning fork 128 Hz Rydel-Seiffer®) [16], the presence of both patellar and ankle reflexes and with a temperature discrimination equal or less than +5 ° C (Thermocross®) [17]. The absence of PVD was determined by the presence of both posterior tibial and dorsalis pedis pulses and absence of intermittent claudication or symptoms.…”

“…†P = 0.02; diabetic patients: right foot vs. left foot. TDT, temperature discrimination threshold (Thermocross®) [17]; VPT, vibration perception threshold (tuning fork 128 Hz Rydel-Seiffer®) [16]. Plantar pressure parameters were measured by Force Sensing Resistors sensors 174®, International Electronics and Engineering, Luxemburg [18] and by a person without knowledge of the study protocol (status diabetes or control).…”

Validation of the nerve axon reflex for the assessment of small nerve fibre dysfunction

“…13 Heat detection threshold (HDT) was evaluated with the Thermoskin (Medimatica, Teramo, Italy). 14 The lowest temperature that the patient perceived as a warm sensation at the dorsum of the foot, throughout three consecutive readings for each foot, was recorded. The relative HDT, which is derived by subtracting the skin temperature, was used for analysis.…”

“…HDT temperatures of 4˚C and 7˚C above the skin temperature for patients aged ,60 years and .60 years, respectively, were considered to be abnormal. 14 …”