The primary objective of this study is the development of transparent thin film materials in the IR enabling strong infrared absorption of organic compounds in the vicinity of metal nanoparticles by the surface plasmon effect. For developing these optical micro-sensors, heterostructures combining gold nanoparticles and chalcogenide planar waveguides are fabricated and adequately characterized. Single As 2 S 3 and Ge 25 Sb 10 Se 65 amorphous chalcogenide thin films are prepared by radiofrequency magnetron sputtering. For the fabrication of gold nanoparticles on a chalcogenide planar waveguide, direct current sputtering is employed. Fabricated single layers or hetero-structures are characterized using various techniques to investigate the influence of deposition parameters. The nanoparticles of gold are functionalized by a self-assembled monolayer of 4-nitrothiophenol. Finally, the surface enhanced infrared absorption spectra of 4-nitrothiophenol self-assembled on fabricated Au/Ge-Sb-Se thin films hetero-structures are measured and analyzed. This optical component presents a ~24 enhancement factor for the detection of NO 2 symmetric stretching vibration band of 4-nitrothiophenol at 1336 cm −1 .

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To minimize the exposure time in magnetic fluid hyperthermia based cancer therapy, it is important to improve the heating efficiency. We demonstrate a 62% enhancement in heating efficiency through in situ orientation of magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) along the direction of the radio frequency alternating magnetic field using a static external magnetic field of 80 G in phosphate coated superparamagnetic Fe3O4 MNP dispersions. The heating efficiency increase in oriented samples is due to the enhanced effective anisotropy energy density along the linear chainlike structures of the MNPs, as confirmed from atomic force microscopy and the larger dynamic hysteresis loop area.

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j m a t e r r e s t e c h n o l . 2 0 1 5;4(3):241-253 w w w . j m r t . c o m . b r AISI type 316 stainless steel Acoustic emission and infrared thermography a b s t r a c t Acoustic emission (AE) and infrared thermography technique (IRT) have been used to study the tensile behavior of AISI type 316 stainless steel. Strain rates of tensile testing were varied from 1.4 × 10 −3 s −1 to 1.4 × 10 −2 s −1 . AE root mean square voltage increases with increase in strain rate due to the increase in source activation. Dominant frequency of the AE signals generated during different regions of tensile deformation has also been used to compare the results for different strain rates. The dominant frequency increases from elastic region to around 590 kHz during work hardening and 710 kHz around ultimate tensile strength (UTS) for all the strain rates. Temperature changes during different regions of deformation are monitored using infrared thermography. The temperature rise in the work hardening region is found to approximately increase linearly with time and from the slopes of the linear regression analyses the rate of temperature rise in the work-hardening region is obtained which is found to be very sensitive to strain rates. From the experimental results an empirical equation that relates the rate of temperature increase with strain rate and thermal hardening coefficient is obtained. The correlation between the variation of AE dominant frequency and temperature rise during different deformation regions provided better insight into the tensile behavior of AISI type 316 SS for different strain rates.

Magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) is becoming a viable cancer treatment methodology where the alternating magnetic field induced heating of magnetic fluid is utilized for ablating the cancerous cells or making them more susceptible to the conventional treatments. The heating efficiency in MFH is quantified in terms of specific absorption rate (SAR), which is defined as the heating power generated per unit mass. In majority of the experimental studies, SAR is evaluated from the temperature rise curves, obtained under non-adiabatic experimental conditions, which is prone to various thermodynamic uncertainties. A proper understanding of the experimental uncertainties and its remedies is a prerequisite for obtaining accurate and reproducible SAR. Here, we study the thermodynamic uncertainties associated with peripheral heating, delayed heating, heat loss from the sample and spatial variation in the temperature profile within the sample. Using first order approximations, an adiabatic reconstruction protocol for the measured temperature rise curves is developed for SAR estimation, which is found to be in good agreement with those obtained from the computationally intense slope corrected method. Our experimental findings clearly show that the peripheral and delayed heating are due to radiation heat transfer from the heating coils and slower response time of the sensor, respectively. Our results suggest that the peripheral heating is linearly proportional to the sample area to volume ratio and coil temperature. It is also observed that peripheral heating decreases in presence of a non-magnetic insulating shielding. The delayed heating is found to contribute up to ~25% uncertainties in SAR values. As the SAR values are very sensitive to the initial slope determination method, explicit mention of the range of linear regression analysis is appropriate to reproduce the results. The effect of sample volume to area ratio on linear heat loss rate is systematically studied and the results are compared using a lumped system thermal model. The various uncertainties involved in SAR estimation are categorized as material uncertainties, thermodynamic uncertainties and parametric uncertainties. The adiabatic reconstruction is found to decrease the uncertainties in SAR measurement by approximately three times. Additionally, a set of experimental guidelines for accurate SAR estimation using adiabatic reconstruction protocol is also recommended. These results warrant a universal experimental and data analysis protocol for SAR measurements during field induced heating of magnetic fluids under non-adiabatic conditions.