Infrared thermal imaging may be used as an additional tool for evaluation of high risk diabetic feet.

The basic calcium phosphate mineral, hydroxyapatite (HAP) (Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 ), is the prototype of one of the major constituents of bone and teeth. Thin layers of HAP were coated on the surface of type 316L stainless steel by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) from a 2 . 5% suspension in isopropyl alcohol, and this was followed by vacuum sintering at 800uC for 1 h. The development of HAP coatings was affected by the applied potential and time. In addition, HAP coatings were synthesised on pure Ti by electrochemical deposition and fully characterised to validate their use in orthopaedic implants. Electrodeposition was carried out from a bath containing low concentrations of Ca(NO 3 ) 2 and NH 4 H 2 PO 4 at pH 6 . 0 by cathodic polarisation. Both types of HAP coating were fully characterised, including with respect to corrosion resistance. The advantages of these techniques include: (i) control over the composition and structure of the coating; and (ii) the ability to coat irregular surfaces easily.

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Body temperature is a very useful parameter for diagnosing diseases. There is a definite correlation between body temperature and diseases. We have used Infrared Thermography to study noninvasive diagnosis of peripheral vascular diseases. Temperature gradients are observed in the affected regions of patients with vascular disorders, which indicate abnormal blood flow in the affected region. Thermal imaging results are well correlated with the clinical findings. Certain areas on the affected limbs show increased temperature profiles, probably due to inflammation and underlying venous flow changes. In general the temperature contrast in the affected regions is about 0.7 to 1° C above the normal regions, due to sluggish blood circulation. The results suggest that the thermal imaging technique is an effective technique for detecting small temperature changes in the human body due to vascular disorders.

Hybrid ZnO@Ag core-shell nanorods were synthesized using a novel seed mediated, two-step process and their plasmon-mediated, enhanced photocatalytic property was used for degradation of industrial textile dyes and effluents.

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