The Study of Inhibitory Effects of Satureja Khuzestanica Essence against Mexa and Mexr Efflux Genes Ofpseudomonas Aeruginosa by Rt-Pcr

Abstract

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause severe hospital-acquired infections, especially in immunocompromised hosts. P.aeruginosa for its resistance to antibiotics. Efflux pump is one of the several mechanisms involved in intrinsic resistance of these bacteria to antibiotics. It has been revealed that deletion of genes encoding the components of MexAB-OprM of efflux system, in wildtype P. aeruginosa, confers hypersusceptibility to a variety of antimicrobial agents. Antimicrobial and antifungal properties of some herbal medicines were reported. Objectives: In this study the effect of Saturejakhuzestanica extract, an endemic plant of Iran, on the expression level of mexA, and mexR genes in P. aeruginosa were investigated. Materials and Methods: In this study, MIC was determined for P. aeruginosa. Then, bacteria were treated with S. khuzistanica extract. MexA, mexR and gyrA genes expression in treated and non-treated bacteria, before and after treatment was evaluated using RT-PCR technique. Results: Surprisingly, the expression level of mexA and mexR genes was decreased in the presence of S. Khuzestanica. However, the expression of gyrAgene that was used as an internal control was not altered before and after treatment with this herb. Based on the results, S. Khuzestanica could play a, major role in lowering the P. aeruginosa resistance to drugs, by reducing mexA genes expression. Conclusions: According to results of current research we hope in future be used it to the clinic with a wider range as a complementary therapy and also for surgery operation.

The study of formulated Zoush ointment against wound infection and gene expression of virulence factors Pseudomonas aeruginosa

“…In the study of Jalalvand et al, the MIC of S. khuzestaniea was reported 0.5 μg/ml for P. aeruginosa [ 49 ]; but in the present study, the MIC was 0.079 μg/ml for S. khuzestaniea .…”

“…In a study by Jalalvand et al, the effect of S. khuzestaniea was investigated on the mexR and mexA genes in P. aeruginosa . The results showed that low expression of these genes was due to carvacrol compounds [ 49 ]. In a research conducted by Moradi et al, the results indicated the effect of S. khuzestaniea on reduction the expression of virulence genes P. aeruginosa [ 60 ].…”

Efflux Pump Inhibitors Derived From Natural Sources as Novel Antibacterial Agents Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa: A Review

“…In a study by Jalalvandi et al, the results of RT-PCR revealed that the expression of mexA and mexR genes, related to MexAB-OprM in P. aeruginosa, were significantly reduced after confronting Satureja khuzestanica essence. 51 Furthermore, there are commercial kits for use in checking the expression of P. aeruginosa efflux pumps, such as the mexQ-TesT kit that facilitates the analysis of mexA and mexX genes and the expression of clinical strains versus PAO1 (wild strain). 27…”

“…To fight the MDR P. aeruginosa, a combination of plant extracts with EPI properties and antibiotics would be a better way. 51 This review has emphasized a number of bacterial EPIs obtained from natural sources, mainly from plants. Some of these substances have remarkable activities and can be optimized in the future.…”

The chemical composition and antibacterial activity of a methanolic extract of Satureja khuzistanica

“…A large number of studies focused on the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil and extraction of S. khuzistanica, which showed inhibitory activity against common nosocomial bacteria (Amanlou et al, 2007;Zibaei et al, 2012). Based on the results, the essential oil S. khuzistanica can play a major role in lowering the P. aeruginosa resistance to drugs by reducing mexA gene expression (Jalalvandi et al, 2015) and the antibacterial properties of this plant can be related to the presence of this agent since carvacrol is considered as one of the major compounds in this plant (90.8%). The results indicated that a combination of major compounds from the extract with carvacrol can increase the antimicrobial activity.…”