The structure of the renal corpuscle

Bensley, R. R.; Bensley, Robert D.

doi:10.1002/ar.1090470203

Cited by 31 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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Observations on the Structure of the Renal Glomerulus of the Mouse Revealed by the Electron Microscope

1954

Aust J Exp Biol Med

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The development of the electron microscope and tlio ability to out ultrathin sections has enabled investigators to study the miniite histology ot many tissues. Some interest has l>een shown in the structure of the kidney, inehiding the glomerulus.The glomerular structure described by Pease and Baker (1050) was similar to that determined by the light microscope (McGregor, 1929;Bensley and Bensley, 1930). Tjie glonierular tuft consisted of a basement membrane which separated capillary endothclial cells from the visceral layer of Bowman's capsular epithelium. In addition. Pease and Baker (1950) described a system of ridges and projections on the outer surface ol' the basement membrane from which they were considered to arise. In their opinion the capillary endothelial cells did not completely cover the inner aspect of the basement membrane, nor the visceral layer of Bowman's epithelial ceils entirely cover it externally. Tijey thought fixation artefacts miglit produce the small spaces between the epithelial cells and the membrane.Dalton (1951) interpreted the electron microscope appearances somewhat differently. The cndotheiial cells of the capillary loops formed a complete internal lining to the basement membrane, and the complex processes external to it were considered to be cytoplasmic projections of the visceral epithelial cells.Oberling, (Jautier and Bernhard (1951) thought that projections from the l)asemcnt membrane interdigitated with processes from the epithelial cells.Rinehart, Parquhar, Haw Chan Jung and Abui-Haj (1953) agreed with Dalton (1951) that the complex "fronds" were processes of the epithelial cells and were not derived from the basement membrane. They thought, however, that delicate processes derived from the epithelial cells pierced the basement membrane at regular intervals and ai^iicarcd on tho endotlielial aspect of the |OO])S.It seemed advisable to attempt to clarify the conception of normal glomerular structure by further electron microscope studies, especially if alterations produced by disease are to be understood.

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confidence: 54%

“…The glomerular structure described by Pease and Baker (1050) was similar to that determined by the light microscope (McGregor, 1929;Bensley and Bensley, 1930). Tjie glonierular tuft consisted of a basement membrane which separated capillary endothclial cells from the visceral layer of Bowman's capsular epithelium.…”

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confidence: 54%

Observations on the Structure of the Renal Glomerulus of the Mouse Revealed by the Electron Microscope

1954

Aust J Exp Biol Med

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“…Although collagen, with its distinct periodicity, has not been demonstrated in the basement membrane of mammalian renal glomeruli (17), recent work shows that it does exist there in the frog kidney (18). Several workers (19)(20)(21)(22) employing various methods have, however, found reticulin fibers in renal glomerular basement membranes, and it has been reported that by electron microscopy reticulin and collagen are probably identical (23). It is also possible that collagen exists in the tissues in a nonfibrous soluble state which retains the same antigenicity as collagen fibers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antigenicity of Rat Collagen

Rothbard

Watson

1961

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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In a previous study, diffuse lesions in renal glomeruli of rats prepared with Freund adjuvant were found after the injection of rabbit serum containing antibodies to rat collagen (1). However, neither the antibody nor adjuvant alone induced the injury. It was considered that these renal lesions might result from two antigen-antibody reactions: the fixation of the rabbit anti-rat collagen serum to an antigen in the glomeruli, presumably collagen, and the reaction of this antigen-antibody complex with anti-rabbit globulin produced in the rat by the stimulation of the adjuvant. That a reaction with the antibody to collagen did take place, however, in rats not prepared with adjuvant was demonstrated by the occurrence of reverse anaphylaxis following the intravenous injection of serum containing antibodies to rat collagen (2).The fluorescent antibody method developed by Coons and his associates (3, 4) provides a means of locating the site of specific antibody or antigen in tissues, and it was, therefore, utilized to determine whether the antibody to rat collagen localized in the renal glomeruli.The study here reported shows that injected collagen antibody does localize in the basement membrane of renal glomeruli, the site of injury in the adjuvantprepared rats. Injected antibody was also found in the renal glomerular basement membrane of rats not given adjuvant, although no injury was apparent in their kidneys. Materials and MethodsThe preparation of collagen and rabbit anti-collagen sera, as well as the technic of the complement fixation tests, have been previously reported (5). All sera used for injection of r a t s were heated to 56°C. for 30 minutes to reduce primary toxicity. The method used for absorption of anti-collagen sera has also been described (2). The globulin fraction of the sera w a s precipitated out with 20 per cent sodium sulfate (6).

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“…Numerous branching interdigitating processes of epithelial cells (K) coat the glomerular tuft on the outside completely except for very narrow slit-like spaces between the processes themselves (Figs. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. This epithelial cell, first described by Gerlach (14) in 1845 and confirmed by many later authors, has been called "Deckzelle" (yon M611endorff, Zimmermann), "pericyte" (yon M611endorff, Bargmann), "epicyte" (Clara, Kulenkampff), and "podocyte" (Hall).…”

Section: Epithelium Of the Glomerulus (Visceral Epithelial Cell Of Bomentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fine Structure of the Renal Glomerulus of the Mouse

Yamada

1955

The Journal of Cell Biology

241

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Sections of mouse renal glomerulus fixed by perfusion with buffered osmium tetroxide solution have been studied with the electron microscope. Four components are recognized in the mouse glomerulus: epithelium, basement membrane, endothelium, and intercapillary cell. The three cellular components all display in their cytoplasm mitochondria, Golgi bodies, endoplasmic reticulum, and uncharacterized vesicles. The concepts of Hall, of Pease, and of Rhodin regarding the glomerular filtration surface are confirmed. The epithelial cells are characterized by intricate, branching, interdigitating ridge-like processes or pedicels, the summits of which press against the urinary surface of the basement membrane, covering the glomerular capillary tuft almost completely except for narrow spaces about 200 to 300 A wide between the processes. These spaces are termed the epithelial filtration slits, and are bridged by a very delicate gossamer-like membrane about 30 A thick,—the filtration slit membrane. The basement membrane is interposed everywhere between epithelial processes and endothelium, and between epithelial and intercapillary cells. The basement membrane of the filtration surface of the glomerular capillary has smooth surfaces and is about 800 A thick. It consists of three layers—a thick central lamina densa, appearing to have a very delicate felt-like structure, flanked on each side by thinner lamina rara externa and lamina rara interna. This membrane continues to the intercapillary space and makes a complicated sponge-work of varying thickness in which the intercapillary cells are enmeshed. The endothelial cells are of moderate thickness in the nuclear region, but send out thin sheet-like extensions over the filtration surface. These extensions are about 300 to 400 A thick and are characterized by numerous round endothelial filtration pores about 500 to 1000 A in diameter. The intercapillary tissue or mesangium is composed of the network of the basement membrane and the intercapillary cells. The intercapillary cells, with characteristic fine fibrillar cytoplasm, make contact with epithelial and endothelial cells and are enmeshed within the network of the basement membrane. Rounded processes of intercapillary cells penetrate into the endothelial cell through the basement membrane, and may even perforate entirely through the endothelium. Such processes are called (after Zimmermann) the intracapillary colliculi. In the endothelial cytoplasm close to the intracapillary colliculi are many dense endothelial juxtacollicular vesicles and caveolae. The cell boundaries of the endothelial cell resemble terminal bars. Some physiological speculations relating to glomerular structure are advanced. The description of Zimmermann (54), based on a light microscope study, is confirmed in many respects.

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The structure of the renal corpuscle

Cited by 31 publications

References 7 publications

Observations on the Structure of the Renal Glomerulus of the Mouse Revealed by the Electron Microscope

Observations on the Structure of the Renal Glomerulus of the Mouse Revealed by the Electron Microscope

Antigenicity of Rat Collagen

The Fine Structure of the Renal Glomerulus of the Mouse

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