The development of the electron microscope and tlio ability to out ultrathin sections has enabled investigators to study the miniite histology ot many tissues. Some interest has l>een shown in the structure of the kidney, inehiding the glomerulus.The glomerular structure described by Pease and Baker (1050) was similar to that determined by the light microscope (McGregor, 1929;Bensley and Bensley, 1930). Tjie glonierular tuft consisted of a basement membrane which separated capillary endothclial cells from the visceral layer of Bowman's capsular epithelium. In addition. Pease and Baker (1950) described a system of ridges and projections on the outer surface ol' the basement membrane from which they were considered to arise. In their opinion the capillary endothelial cells did not completely cover the inner aspect of the basement membrane, nor the visceral layer of Bowman's epithelial ceils entirely cover it externally. Tijey thought fixation artefacts miglit produce the small spaces between the epithelial cells and the membrane.Dalton (1951) interpreted the electron microscope appearances somewhat differently. The cndotheiial cells of the capillary loops formed a complete internal lining to the basement membrane, and the complex processes external to it were considered to be cytoplasmic projections of the visceral epithelial cells.Oberling, (Jautier and Bernhard (1951) thought that projections from the l)asemcnt membrane interdigitated with processes from the epithelial cells.Rinehart, Parquhar, Haw Chan Jung and Abui-Haj (1953) agreed with Dalton (1951) that the complex "fronds" were processes of the epithelial cells and were not derived from the basement membrane. They thought, however, that delicate processes derived from the epithelial cells pierced the basement membrane at regular intervals and ai^iicarcd on tho endotlielial aspect of the |OO])S.It seemed advisable to attempt to clarify the conception of normal glomerular structure by further electron microscope studies, especially if alterations produced by disease are to be understood.
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