“…In the visible emission spectrum, different defects are attributed to the green, yellow, and orange-red emissions [16,27]. The green emission band is attributed to a variety of defects including singly ionised oxygen vacancies [28][29][30][31], antisite oxygen [17,32,33], zinc interstitials [34], and zinc vacancies [35]. Given that there is no consensus in the mechanism for green emission, this shows how highly debated the origins of the luminescence are for ZnO [36,37].…”