The stealing of the seashore as a second wave of the enclosure movement: Examples from the Mediterranean

Hadjimichael, Maria

doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2018.01.019

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Within this enabling policy environment and an increasingly busy ocean, a major concern for many coastal communities has been the creeping and cumulative enclosures resulting from multiple development activities rather than a single sector and development [80,81]. Finally, displacements as a result of ocean development can extend into the foreshore and coastal environments that people use for resource harvesting or where coastal communities are located due to on shore processing plants and transportation infrastructure [75,82,83].…”

Section: Dispossession Displacement and Ocean Grabbingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blue growth and blue justice: Ten risks and solutions for the ocean economy

et al. 2021

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Section: Dispossession Displacement and Ocean Grabbingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blue growth and blue justice: Ten risks and solutions for the ocean economy

et al. 2021

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“…As observed in many other regions (e.g. in the Mediterranean region, as cited in Hadjichael, 2018;or Canada in Bennett, 2018), fishers are increasingly ousted from waterfronts where they have been settled for significant periods of time. This is due to different pressures, such as the construction of resorts or commercial port projects.…”

Section: Ocean Grabbingmentioning

confidence: 83%

Marine spatial planning and the risk of ocean grabbing in the tropical Atlantic

Queffelec

Bonnin

Ferreira

et al. 2021

ICES Journal of Marine Science

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Ocean grabbing occurs when traditional users, such as small-scale fishers, are pushed aside by new development activities. This grabbing must be prevented to avoid sea uses that maintain or increase social inequity. In this paper, we show that in tropical Atlantic countries, such as Brazil and Senegal, examples of ocean grabbing already occur. In this context, we analyse if Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP) may be an opportunity to limit ocean grabbing or, to the contrary, poses a risk to increase it. MSP calls for an ecosystem approach that requires integrated coastal and marine management and involves stakeholders in developing a shared vision of the future, where society and environment are preserved. However, recent studies have shown that MSP is a process to be used cautiously to ensure equitable decisions. Meanwhile, the concept is spreading worldwide including in tropical Atlantic countries. We highlight that context matters and the specificities of the tropical Atlantic must be taken into account when deploying MSP processes. In the tropical Atlantic context, there is increased imbalances of stakeholder power, traps from decision support tools, and a need for adaptive management. These specific features must be addressed when deploying MSP in a way to avoid ocean grabbing.

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“…Although territorial use rights have a long history (Johannes 1978), the allocation of private rights to a particular space in the ocean is a rather recent phenomenon. However, in certain regions, it is happening at such a rapid and uncontrolled pace that many authors are referring to the phenomenon as ocean or coastal grabbing (Franco et al 2014, Bennett et al 2015, Bavinck et al 2017, Hadjimichael 2018. The privatization of ocean space is usually linked to the rise of new economic sectors with specific spatial requirements.…”

Section: Space: the Example Of Mariculturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The materiality of the sea (e.g., species mobility, fluidity) creates intergovernmental difficulties for regulation. Building legitimacy within the public (i.e., trusted and sufficient procedures) can be difficult when efficiency or institutional transparency is lacking (i.e., urgent or unclear responses; Gupta 2008, Auld and Gulbrandsen 2010, Wilson 2010. Meanwhile, consumer demand for sustainable seafood products has increased (Sampson et al 2015, Bush andRoheim 2019).…”

Section: Governance: the Example Of Certificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Institutional voids are opportunities for certification schemes to emerge as private forms of governance. Gupta (2008) and Auld and Gulbrandsen (2014) (Jacquet et al 2010), requiring further examination into the procedural and distributive effects as well as path dependencies and effects on democratic decision making (Partelow et al 2019).…”

Section: Governance: the Example Of Certificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Broadening the perspective on ocean privatizations: an interdisciplinary social science enquiry

Schlüter¹,

Bavinck²,

Hadjimichael³

et al. 2020

E&S

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Privatization of the ocean, in the sense of defining more exclusive property rights, is taking place in increasingly diverse ways. Because of more intensive and diversified use patterns and increasing sustainability challenges, it is likely that this process will continue into the future. We argue that the nature of privatization varies from one oceanic domain to another. We differentiate four idealtypical domains: (1) resources, (2) space, (3) governance control, and (4) knowledge, and nine criteria for the assessment of privatization. We apply those criteria to a selection of examples from the realm of marine life (from microorganisms to fish) to highlight similarities and differences and establish foundations for broader analysis. We aim hereby to develop the groundwork for a balanced, interdisciplinary perspective on ocean privatization. Our analysis demonstrates that privatization has multiple dimensions and cannot be condemned or embraced in its entirety. Instead it requires more nuanced assessment and deliberation.

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The stealing of the seashore as a second wave of the enclosure movement: Examples from the Mediterranean

Cited by 9 publications

References 18 publications

Blue growth and blue justice: Ten risks and solutions for the ocean economy

Blue growth and blue justice: Ten risks and solutions for the ocean economy

Marine spatial planning and the risk of ocean grabbing in the tropical Atlantic

Broadening the perspective on ocean privatizations: an interdisciplinary social science enquiry

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