The state of emergency care in Democratic Republic of Congo

Kalisya, Luc Malemo; Salmon, Margaret; Manwa, Kitoga; Muller, Mundenga Mutendi; Diango, Ken; Zaidi, Rene; Wendel, Sarah K.; Reynolds, Teri

doi:10.1016/j.afjem.2015.08.001

Cited by 30 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…We identified 10 African countries that have EMRPs through our literature search and 2 through discussions with African EM associations and leaders 9–21. There are 15 EMRPs (1 of which is a combined EM and FM programme) across the 12 countries (figure 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergency medicine registrar training in Africa: overview of programmes, faculty and sustainability

et al. 2020

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BackgroundThe specialty of emergency medicine (EM) is new in most African countries, where emergency medicine registrar (residency) programmes (EMRPs) are at different stages of evolution and little is known about the programmes. Identifying and describing these EMRPs will facilitate planning for sustainability, collaborative efforts and curriculum development for existing and future programmes. Our objective was to identify and provide an overview of existing EMRPs in Africa and their applicant requirements, faculty characteristics and plans for sustainability.MethodsWe conducted a descriptive cross-sectional survey of Africa’s EMRPs between January and December 2017, identifying programmes through an online search supplemented by discussions with African EM leaders. Leaders of all identified African EMRPs were invited to participate. Data were collected prospectively using a structured survey and are summarised with descriptive statistics.ResultsWe identified 15 programmes in 12 countries and received survey responses from 11 programmes in 10 countries. Eight of the responding EMRPs began in 2010 or later. Only 36% of the EMRPs offer a 3-year programme. Women make up an average of 33% of faculty. Only 40% of EMRPs require faculty to be EM specialists. In smaller samples that reported the relevant data, 67% (4/6) of EMRPs have EM specialists who trained in that EMRP programme making up more than half of their faculty; 57% of Africa’s 288 EMRP graduates to date are men; and an average of 39% of EMRP graduates stay on as faculty for 78% (7/9) of EMRPs.ConclusionEMRPs currently produce most of their own EM faculty. Almost equal proportions of men and women have graduated from a predominantly >3-year training programme. Graduates have a variety of opportunities in academia and private practice. Future assessments may wish to focus on the evolution of these programme’ curricula, faculty composition and graduates’ career options.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergency medicine registrar training in Africa: overview of programmes, faculty and sustainability

et al. 2020

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“…Nevertheless, due to civil war, 90% of the public health budget has been supported by donor countries, and only 3.91% of the actual budget was executed. The high out-of-pocket health expenditure has shown the limitations of the public health sector [ 15 , 16 ]. Funding for uninterrupted operation is necessary to continuously operate an ambulance service.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Sustainable Ambulance Operation Model in a Low-Resource Country (the Democratic Republic of Congo)

Taehun

Han

Sharma

et al. 2018

Emergency Medicine International

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Due to an increase in traffic collisions, the demand for prehospital medical services is on the rise, even in low-resource countries where emergency ambulance services have not been previously provided. To build a sustainable and continuous prehospital ambulance operation model, it is necessary to consider the medical system and economic conditions of the corresponding country. In an attempt to construct a prehospital ambulance operation model that ensures continuous operation, a pilot “emergency patient transporting service from field to hospital” operation was established for approximately three months in Kinshasa, the capital of the DR Congo. To construct a continuously operating model even after the pilot operation, willingness to pay (WTP) by type of emergency medical and transport service was investigated by implementing the contingent valuation method (CVM). Using CVM, the WTP for prehospital emergency services targeting ambulance services personnel, patients, policemen, and hospital staff participating in the pilot operation was calculated. The results of the pilot operation revealed that there were a total of 212 patients with a mean patient number of 2.4 per day. A total of 155 patients used the services for hospital transport, while 121 patients used the services for traffic collisions. Traffic collisions were the category in which ambulance services were most frequently needed (66.2%). Pay services were most frequently utilized in the home-visit services category (40.9%). Based on these results, eight independently operated ambulance operation models and sixteen models that utilize hospital medical personnel and policemen already belonging to existing institutions were proposed. In an effort to implement emergency medical ambulance services in the DR Congo, medical staff receiving pay for performance (incentive pay) should be deployed in the field and on call. Accordingly, with respect to sustainable development goals, various pay-for-service models should be used.

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“…The DRC is the second-largest nation in the African continent, while Nigeria being the largest with a population of over 70 million. DRC is considered to be the heart of the African continent, being crossroads bordered by Rwanda, Uganda, Burundi and Tanzania to the east, Central African Republic and South Sudan to the north, Angola and Zambia to the south, and the Republic of Congo to the west (Kalisya et al, 2015).…”

Section: An Overview Of the Conflict: The Origin Of Invisible Congolementioning

confidence: 99%

Invisible Congolese Blockage to Peace: Deprivation of Basic Communal Needs Triggers Intractable Conflict in Congo

Bunoge¹,

Situmorang²

2020

theijbm

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This article focusses on the deprivation of basic communal needs towards the Rwandan immigrants in Congo which fuels recurring violent conflict in Congo since Zaire's flag independence in the 1960s escalated to breed the two Congo wars (1996-7; 1998-2003) onwards. This is purposely chosen because the deprivation of human needs often triggers protracted social conflict. For Edward Azar, a sustained sequence of studies published from the early 1970s claims that the critical factor that persisted protracted social conflict (PSC) in Lebanon,

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The state of emergency care in Democratic Republic of Congo

Cited by 30 publications

References 12 publications

Emergency medicine registrar training in Africa: overview of programmes, faculty and sustainability

Emergency medicine registrar training in Africa: overview of programmes, faculty and sustainability

A Sustainable Ambulance Operation Model in a Low-Resource Country (the Democratic Republic of Congo)

Invisible Congolese Blockage to Peace: Deprivation of Basic Communal Needs Triggers Intractable Conflict in Congo

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